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viii debate of those earlier days has been beautifully summarized
by H. H. Read in his famous "Granite Controversy" (1957). Read's
formulation of the controversy occurred at the time when
geochemistry was as a new and powerful tool. The new techniques
opened era during which emerging an granites were considered mainly
from this new viewpoint. Geochemical signatures have shown that
mantle and crustal origins for granites were both possible, but the
debate on how and why granites are emplaced did not progress much.
Meanwhile, structural geology was essentially geometrical and
mechanistic. In the early 70's, the structural approach began to
widen to include solid state physics and fluid dynamics. Detailed
structural maps of granitic bodies were again published, mainly in
France, and analysed in terms of magmatic and plastic flow. The
senior editor of this volume and his students deserve much of the
credit for this new development. Via microstructural and
petrofabric studies, they were able to discriminate between strain
in the presence of residual melt or in the solid-state, and, by
systematically measuring magnetic fabrics (AMS), they have been
able to map magmatic foliations and lineations in ever finer
detail, using the internal markers within granites coming from
different tectonic environments. The traditional debate has been
shifted anew. The burning question now seems to be how the
necessary, large-scale or local, crustal extension required for
granite emplacement can be obtained.
This book, in which the term granite is taken in its broadest
sense, collates the most innovative contributions that were
presented at the EUG 8 Meeting, X12 Symposium, held in Strasbourg
during April 1995. It covers a broad range of topics related to the
physical aspects of granite magmatism, which are largely
under-represented in comparison with chemical-oriented approaches.
Nineteen papers span the range from physical properties of granitic
material to several pluton case studies. The first part, Melt and
Magmas: Properties and Segregation', deals mainly with the physical
properties and segregation of melts and magmas, including
laboratory and field data. The second part, Fabrics in Granites',
develops some lively aspects of present-day granite geology, such
as magmatic fabrics at all scales, and analogue and numerical
experiments aimed at modelling magmatic fabrics. The third part,
Emplacement of Granite Plutons: Case Studies', begins with a
general consideration of syntectonic granites, includes a review of
the shape of plutons as inferred from combined fabric and gravity
data, and comprises some spectacular examples of plutons emplaced
along shear zones, in Spain, Sierra Nevada -California- (see the
cover page), Nigeria, and Brazil, or emplaced along subduction
zones, in Japan. Granite is the most abundant rock on the
continental crust, and this unique text is devoted entirely to the
understanding of its origins and emplacement by studying its
internal structures. The book is particularly well-illustrated, and
almost all the illustrations are original. It will serve as an
invaluable reference for geologists, petrologists, geophysicists
interested in the development of thecontinental crust and, more
generally, for earth scientists.
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