Increasingly, pathologists are being confronted with the effects of a number of complex devices on the body. Cardiac pace-makers are becoming increasingly sophisticated, ventricular support systems for the heart are well established, and vascular and other protheses are being used in increasing numbers. New joint systems, contraceptive devices used as drug delivery systems, and the use of new cement materials all provide challenges in terms of their pathology. The articles in this text collectively form a body of information on these devices not available elsewhere and with an up-to-date bibliography.