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Johanne Kepler's "Harmonice mundi" was planned in 1599 as a sequel
to the "Mysterium cosmographicum." In 1618 Kepler discovered the
third law of planetary motion relating to the periodic times of the
planets to their mean distances from the sun - a crowning
achievement that enabled him to bring the "Harmonice mundi" to
completeion. The authors have presented and interpreted Kepler's
Latin text to readers of English, by putting it into "the kind of
clear but earnest language which we suppose Kepler would have used
if he had been writing today."
Kepler is a key figure in the development of modern astronomy. His
work is also important in the history of philosophy and methodology
of science as a whole. The present study is concerned with one of
Kepler's major preoccupations, namely his search for the
geometrical plan according to which God created the Universe. The
author discusses how Kepler's cosmological theories, which embrace
music and astrology as well as astronomy, are related to his other
work. The subject will be of great interest to historians of
science, mathematicians and astronomers as well as to historians of
the late Renaissance.
Renaissance and Revolution is a collection of fifteen essays on
some of the problems presently seen to be associated with the
Scientific Revolution of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
The topics treated include the dissemination of Greek science,
medical empiricism, natural history, the relations of scholars and
craftsmen from the fifteenth to the seventeenth centuries, the
so-called 'mechanical philosophy' in France and England, the work
of Isaac Newton, and the difficulties encountered by Newtonianism
in Italy in the early eighteenth century. Figures discussed include
Leonardo Fioravanti, Jan Swammerdam, Piero della Francesca,
Johannes Hevelius, Jonas Moore, Robert Boyle, Isaac Newton,
Christiaan Huygens, Francesco Algarotti and Luigi Ferdinando
Marsigli. There is an introduction by the editors and an afterword
by A. Rupert Hall. The authorship is international, including
scholars with established reputations as historians of science.
As any student of art will tell you, one of the chief
accomplishments of the Renaissance was the development of
perspective in painting--the introduction of spatial perception
that led to the legendary beauty and majesty of works by Giotto,
Botticelli, and da Vinci. In The Invention ofInfinity, Dr. J. V.
Field, a noted historian on math and the arts, tells the remarkable
story of how the "practical" mathematics of Renaissance artists
actually influenced the development of "proper" mathematics--a true
story of life imitating art.
Here is the fascinating history of the emergence of modern
mathematics during the Renaissance, and its intimate relationship
with the artisan and artistic traditions of the time. The book
covers the period from 1300 to 1650, when craftsmen were educated
in "practical mathematics," and when the field of mathematics was
gradually taking up a more significant place on the intellectual
landscape. Field traces the influence of the mathematics of
perspective in the arts, and shows how this led to the invention of
a new kind of geometry in the 17th century--the new projective
geometry of Desargues--which proved to be a highly significant
contribution to the development of modern mathematics.
Additionally, the author explores the 14th and 15th-century
"abacus" schools popular among merchants and craftsmen, and the
contrast between these practical, widely used tools and the
abstract arithmetic and geometry taught in the universities of the
time, and their application in the theory of music and elementary
astronomy.
Extensively illustrated with superb color and black and white
plates, and including selected extracts from the original
mathematical texts, this clear and entertaining account will
delight anyone interested in the history of mathematics and art, as
well as in the multi-layered social history of the Renaissance.
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