|
Showing 1 - 4 of
4 matches in All Departments
During the recent transition between acute diseases caused by
swarms of single planktonic bacteria, and chronic infections caused
by bacteria growing in slime-enclosed biofilms, a general clinical
consensus has emerged that pathologies with bacterial etiologies
are frequently culture negative. Because biofilm infections now
affect 17 million Americans per year (killing approximately
450,000), the suggestion that these common and lethal infections
regularly go unnoticed by the only FDA-approved method for their
detection and characterization is a matter of urgent concern.
Biologically, we would expect that planktonic bacterial cells would
colonize any new surface, including the surface of an agar plate,
while the specialized sessile cells of a biofilm community would
have no such proclivity. In the study of biofilm diseases ranging
from otitis media to prostatitis, it was found that direct
microscopy and DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods regularly
document the presence of living bacteria in tissues and samples
that are culture negative. The editors selected orthopedic biofilm
infections as the subject of this book because these infections
occur against a background of microbiological sterility in which
modern molecular methods would be expected to find bacterial DNA,
RNA-based microscopic methods would be expected to locate bacterial
cells, and cultures would be negative. Moreover, in Orthopedics we
find an already biofilm-adapted surgical group in which current
strategies are based on the meticulous removal of compromised
tissues, antibiotic options as based on high biofilm-killing local
doses, and there are practical bedside strategies for dealing with
biofilm infections. So here is where the new paradigm of biofilm
infection meets the equally new paradigm of the culture negativity
of biofilms, and this volume presents a conceptual synthesis that
may soon combine the most effective molecular methods for the
detection and identification of bacteria with a surgical discipline
that is ready to help patients.
This book details the widely accepted hypothesis that the
majority of bacteria in virtually all ecosystems grow in
matrix-enclosed biofilms. The author, who first proposed this
biofilm hypothesis, uses direct evidence from microscopy and from
molecular techniques, arguing cogently for moving beyond
conventional culture methods that dominated microbiology in the
last century. Bacteria grow predominantly in biofilms in natural,
engineered, and pathogenic ecosystems; this book provides a solid
basis for the understanding of bacterial processes in
environmental, industrial, agricultural, dental and medical
microbiology. Using a unique "ecological" perspective, the author
explores the commensal and pathogenic colonization of human organ
systems.
During the recent transition between acute diseases caused by
swarms of single planktonic bacteria, and chronic infections caused
by bacteria growing in slime-enclosed biofilms, a general clinical
consensus has emerged that pathologies with bacterial etiologies
are frequently culture negative. Because biofilm infections now
affect 17 million Americans per year (killing approximately
450,000), the suggestion that these common and lethal infections
regularly go unnoticed by the only FDA-approved method for their
detection and characterization is a matter of urgent concern.
Biologically, we would expect that planktonic bacterial cells would
colonize any new surface, including the surface of an agar plate,
while the specialized sessile cells of a biofilm community would
have no such proclivity. In the study of biofilm diseases ranging
from otitis media to prostatitis, it was found that direct
microscopy and DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods regularly
document the presence of living bacteria in tissues and samples
that are culture negative. The editors selected orthopedic biofilm
infections as the subject of this book because these infections
occur against a background of microbiological sterility in which
modern molecular methods would be expected to find bacterial DNA,
RNA-based microscopic methods would be expected to locate bacterial
cells, and cultures would be negative. Moreover, in Orthopedics we
find an already biofilm-adapted surgical group in which current
strategies are based on the meticulous removal of compromised
tissues, antibiotic options as based on high biofilm-killing local
doses, and there are practical bedside strategies for dealing with
biofilm infections. So here is where the new paradigm of biofilm
infection meets the equally new paradigm of the culture negativity
of biofilms, and this volume presents a conceptual synthesis that
may soon combine the most effective molecular methods for the
detection and identification of bacteria with a surgical discipline
that is ready to help patients.
The formation of microcolonies on surfaces is an important
bacterial survival strategy. These biofilms occur on both inert and
living systems, making them important to a wide range of scientific
disciplines. This book first provides an analysis of the chemical,
ecological and physical processes involved with the development of
biofilms and their interactions with surfaces. The next section
deals with biofilms on non-living surfaces. Biofilms have important
engineering implications, such as in mining industries, the
corrosion of pipelines and pure and waste water industries.
Biofilms have medical significance when associated with the mouth,
urinary tract and urinogenital tract. In addition, they form in
plant root systems and in animals, such as the ruminant digestive
tract, and so are agriculturally important. The final section
examines these interactions with living surfaces.
|
You may like...
Loot
Nadine Gordimer
Paperback
(2)
R398
R330
Discovery Miles 3 300
Loot
Nadine Gordimer
Paperback
(2)
R398
R330
Discovery Miles 3 300
|