Mosquitoes are significant vectors that transmit various pathogens to humans and other mammals. Mosquitoes seem to be omnipresent and easily breed in climates favourable to them. Life cycle of the Aedes species of mosquitoes is similar to others of its genera. This book focuses on Aedes mosquitoes that are responsible for many dreadful diseases and discusses every stage in the life cycle of the species. The contributing authors of this book have extensive teaching and research experience in the field of detection of viruses of Dengue, Chikungunya, yellow fever and West Nile. One of the contributing authors, Prof. Vinod Joshi, has researched on Dengue viruses for 17 years. The book provides a detailed account of the distribution of Aedes mosquitoes, their role as a vector and their control through various methods. Currently, there has been increased interest among researchers to mitigate the threat caused by Aedes mosquitoes and substantial investigation is being done on the mosquito's history, in characterizing present circumstances and to collaborate future efforts.

Nanotechnology is a budding field and has a pivotal role in sensing. Nanomaterials exist in various forms such as nanoparticles, nanoclusters, nanobelts, and nanospheres. These nanomaterials act as sensing interfaces and immobilization surfaces for various biomolecules such as enzymes, DNA, and antigens. Therefore, the preparation and characterization of these nanoparticles play an important role in sensing devices. This handbook has evolved from the authors' teaching and research experience in the field of nanoparticle biosensing. It encompasses protocols for the synthesis of various forms of metal oxide nanoparticles; study of the various characterizing techniques that help deduce the shape, size, and morphology of these nanoparticles; and applications of these nanoparticles in the field of biosensors. It presents voltammetry techniques such as cyclic, linear wave, wave pulse, and differential pulse voltammetry, throws light on the interactions of nanomaterials and biomolecules, and discusses microfluidic devices, which due to their unique capability of miniaturization fascinate many researchers. It is a practical and user-friendly textbook that introduces the various basic principles and practical information that will help undergraduate and advanced-level students and researchers understand the science behind nanoscale sensing.

Electrochemical Sensors: From Working Electrodes to Functionalization and Miniaturized Devices provides an overview of the materials, preparation and fabrication methods for biosensor applications. The book introduces the field of electrochemistry and its fundamentals, also providing a practical overview of working electrodes as key components for the implementation of sensors and assays. Features covered include the prompt transfer of electrons, favorable redox behavior, biocompatibility, and inertness in terms of electrode fouling. Special attention is dedicated to analyzing the various working materials systems for electrodes used in electrochemical cells such as gold, carbon, copper, platinum and metal oxides. This book is suitable for academics and practitioners working in the disciplines of materials science and engineering, analytical chemistry and biomedical engineering.