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A foundational essay of class struggle published in English for the
first time Considered one of the most important intellectuals in
Latin American social thought, Ruy Mauro Marini demonstrated that
underdevelopment and development are the result of relations
between economies in the world market, and the class relations they
engender. In The Dialectics of Dependency, the Brazilian
sociologist and revolutionary showed that, as Latin America came to
specialize in the production of raw materials and foodstuffs while
importing manufactured goods, a process of unequal exchange took
shape that created a transfer of value to the imperialist centers.
This encouraged capitalists in the periphery to resort to the
superexploitation of workers - harsh working conditions where wages
fall below what is needed to reproduce their labor power. In this
way, the economies of Latin America, which played a fundamental
role in facilitating a new phase of the industrial revolution in
western Europe, passed from the colonial condition only to be
rendered economically "dependent," or subordinated to imperialist
economies. This unbalanced relationship, which nonetheless allows
capitalists of both imperialist and dependent regions to profit,
has been reproduced in successive international divisions of labor
of world economy, and continues to inform the day-to-day life of
Latin American workers and their struggles. Written during an
upsurge of class struggle in the region in the 1970s, and published
here in English for the first time, the revelations inscribed in
this foundational essay are proving more relevant than ever. The
Dialectics of Dependency is an internationalist contribution from
one Latin American Marxist to dispossessed and oppressed people
struggling the world over, and a gift to those who struggle from
within the recesses of present-day imperialist centers--nourishing
today's efforts to think through the definition of "revolution" on
a global scale.
A foundational essay of class struggle published in English for the
first time Considered one of the most important intellectuals in
Latin American social thought, Ruy Mauro Marini demonstrated that
underdevelopment and development are the result of relations
between economies in the world market, and the class relations they
engender. In The Dialectics of Dependency, the Brazilian
sociologist and revolutionary showed that, as Latin America came to
specialize in the production of raw materials and foodstuffs while
importing manufactured goods, a process of unequal exchange took
shape that created a transfer of value to the imperialist centers.
This encouraged capitalists in the periphery to resort to the
superexploitation of workers - harsh working conditions where wages
fall below what is needed to reproduce their labor power. In this
way, the economies of Latin America, which played a fundamental
role in facilitating a new phase of the industrial revolution in
western Europe, passed from the colonial condition only to be
rendered economically "dependent," or subordinated to imperialist
economies. This unbalanced relationship, which nonetheless allows
capitalists of both imperialist and dependent regions to profit,
has been reproduced in successive international divisions of labor
of world economy, and continues to inform the day-to-day life of
Latin American workers and their struggles. Written during an
upsurge of class struggle in the region in the 1970s, and published
here in English for the first time, the revelations inscribed in
this foundational essay are proving more relevant than ever. The
Dialectics of Dependency is an internationalist contribution from
one Latin American Marxist to dispossessed and oppressed people
struggling the world over, and a gift to those who struggle from
within the recesses of present-day imperialist centers--nourishing
today's efforts to think through the definition of "revolution" on
a global scale.
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