This study investigates the degree to which conventional infantry battalions (light, mechanized, airborne, and air assault) are conducting realistic home-station unit training to prepare soldiers to face a willing and able foe. The study analyzes training based largely upon three criteria developed from extensive literature review and analysis: cognitive mental stressors (uncertainty, ambiguity, information overload/deprivation, and so forth), environmental physical stressors (sights, sounds, and smells of the battlefield), and conditions that unleash soldiers initiative (understanding of purpose and commander's intent). Additionally, the study analyzes the degree to which U.S. Army training doctrine supports operational, leader development, and combat stress doctrine. Using both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study makes a set of inferences and generalizations about the current state of infantry training. The study concludes with recommendations to company and battalion commanders on how to improve their individual and collective home-station training.