This text synthesizes current information on defined neurotrophic factors (emphasizing their localization and molecular/cellular function in the central nervous system), provides current reviews and offers a conceptual framework for understanding the spectrum of actions of neurotropic factors. It also reviews the members of the major growth factor families, including the neurotrophins, the epidermal growth factor and the fibroblast growth factors.;Other topics and issues that are covered include multifaceted approaches to the study of growth factor effects on specific and defined neuronal groups; the actions of neurotrophic factors on first, second and third messenger systems and their convergence into primary response genes; synergistic effects and interactions between neurotrophic factors; and the growth promoting effects of neurotransmitters, neuronal activity and interactions with extra cellular matrix.; The book's key features include an up-to-date synthesis of concepts on neurotrophic factors in the nervous system; discussion of molecular, cellular and neuroanatomical concepts of the neurotrophic factor function; chapters on primary, secondary and tertiary messenger systems; a

Scholars from around the world collaborate to explain the history of parapsychology, the study of extrasensory perception (ESP), and the arguments of skeptics and supporters in this fascinating collection. This two-volume set introduces ESP—also known as anomalous cognition—and psychokinesis, addressing the history, research, philosophy, and scientific theories surrounding the phenomena. With contributions from leading research scientists from within the field of parapsychology and other areas of study, this reference addresses the fundamental questions that the evidence of ESP evokes; examines parapsychology research from all over the world; and explores the controversies, skepticism, and contemporary criticism disparaging the field. Written for a multidisciplinary audience ranging from physicists to psychologists to lay persons, the volumes present the scientific validity of the field. Volume 1 addresses the historical, philosophical, skeptical, and research viewpoints; volume 2 lays out the current theories on ESP. Chapters reveal how strict scientific protocols and state-of-the-art technologies enable scientists—at sites such as Harvard and Cornell universities to their international counterparts in Amsterdam, Austria, and Asia—to pinpoint and investigate ESP abilities. Appendices include a glossary of key terms in parapsychology, ESP research protocol, ESP research organizations, skeptic associations, and recommended reading.