Especially in times of war Americans have claimed for their nation a unique world mission, often defining it in religious terms. James Moorhead analyzes a crucial episode of this patriotic piety through the behavior of four major Northern Protestant denominations in the 1860s. After examining the antebellum origins of the concept of America as a redeemer nation, he investigates the churches' use of familiar dogmas-principally that of millennialism-to interpret the experience of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Moorhead studies the words of leading theological spokesmen, the popular religious press, and the printed sermons of ministers now little known. His vivid narrative explains how the war between North and South became an apocalyptic struggle in which the federal armies battled for the Lord on the field of Armageddon. Northern Protestants expected dramatic consequences from the contest. Moorhead shows how their inflated hopes reinforced simplistic views of slavery, Reconstruction policies, and the future of American democracy. In a final overview of the Gilded Age, he relates the tumultuous events of the 1860s to the tensions and failures of Protestantism in the late nineteenth century.

Traditional ways of living the Christian faith-shaped and guided by confessional norms-exhibit remarkable staying power in American religious life. Holding On to the Faith addresses issues related to the persistence of confessional forms of Christianity in the face of utilitarian, democratic, evangelical American popular religious culture. Whereas historians in the twentieth century typically used terms like "countervailing", "alternative", or "immigrant faith" to describe confessional Christianity, it is now clear that groups which have maintained roots in doctrinal, liturgical, and institutional traditions are an integral part of American life. In Holding On to the Faith ten scholars of American religion contribute chapters analyzing the American experience of ecclesial groups ranging from Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism to the Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican/Episcopal, and even Mennonite traditions. Editors Douglas A. Sweeney and Charles Hambrick-Stowe discuss common themes and pose questions for further discussion.

"In this compelling intellectual and social history, Moorhead argues that for mainline Protestants in the late 19th century, time became endless, human-directed and without urgency.... Moorhead offers some brilliant observations about the legacy of postmillennialism and the human need for a definitive eschaton." Publishers Weekly

In the 19th century American Protestants firmly believed that when progress had run its course, there would be a Second Coming of Christ, the world would come to a supernatural End, and the predictions in the Apocalypse would come to pass. During the years covered in James Moorhead s study, however, moderate and liberal mainstream Protestants transformed this postmillennialism into a hope that this world would be the scene for limitless spiritual improvement and temporal progress. The sense of an End vanished with the arrival of the new millennium."