Today's educators-pre- and in-service teachers and teacher educators serve increasing percentages of adolescents who have limited relationships to school. These young people are often our most diverse youth; they are frequently English Language Learners (ELLs) and immigrants, and they are too often part of multi-generational dropout and disengagement trends. Teachers are desperate for pedagogical philosophies, curricula, and practices that will support them with helping young people appreciate the value of school, engage or re-engage youth with this most foundational of our public institutions and aid adolescents in the development of the core literacy and writing skills they need to be successful in school and beyond. This volume will assist teachers in recognizing the increasing diversity of their students who often look very different from and have life and school experiences that are very different than those of the educators who serve them. Current and future educators must utilize relevant curricula and creative pedagogies that honor students' diverse cultures and school and community experiences, while respecting our highest ideals for educational equity and social justice. With this volume, the authors respond to the quickly shifting demographics of schools' student populations and the disengagement trends teachers frequently encounter but rarely know how to address. We offer compelling, relationship-driven pedagogical principles and instructional strategies that appeal to diverse youths' voices and cultures and rely on broad, visually- and technology-based notions of literacy.

Today's educators-pre- and in-service teachers and teacher educators serve increasing percentages of adolescents who have limited relationships to school. These young people are often our most diverse youth; they are frequently English Language Learners (ELLs) and immigrants, and they are too often part of multi-generational dropout and disengagement trends. Teachers are desperate for pedagogical philosophies, curricula, and practices that will support them with helping young people appreciate the value of school, engage or re-engage youth with this most foundational of our public institutions and aid adolescents in the development of the core literacy and writing skills they need to be successful in school and beyond. This volume will assist teachers in recognizing the increasing diversity of their students who often look very different from and have life and school experiences that are very different than those of the educators who serve them. Current and future educators must utilize relevant curricula and creative pedagogies that honor students' diverse cultures and school and community experiences, while respecting our highest ideals for educational equity and social justice. With this volume, the authors respond to the quickly shifting demographics of schools' student populations and the disengagement trends teachers frequently encounter but rarely know how to address. We offer compelling, relationship-driven pedagogical principles and instructional strategies that appeal to diverse youths' voices and cultures and rely on broad, visually- and technology-based notions of literacy.

The spectrophotometric properties of porphyrins are altered upon interaction with nucleic acids, proteins, and amino acids. TPPS immobilized as a monolayer onto a cellulose film exhibits an absorbance peak in the Soret region. The interaction of the porphyrin with the follwing amino acids arginine, glycine, histidine and serine induces blue shifts in the Soret that enables us to quantify and identify these amino acids in the nM scale. The interaction of PCP with the following porphyrins and metaloporphyrins TPPS, Zn-TPPS, TPPS1, C1TPP, C4TPP, Cu-C4TPP in solution induces a red shift in the Soret spectrum that enables us to quantify PCP in concentrations less than the MCL recommended by EPA. The interaction of the TPPS1 immobilized as a monolayer on a Kimwipe(r) tissue with PCP induces a red shift in the Soret spectrum that enables us to detect PCP as low as 0.5ppb. The Photocatalytic degradation of PCP by the above porphyrins in solution and the immobilized TPPSCl as catalysts in pH7 buffer was achieved using fluorescence light. It is believed that singlet oxygen 1O2 is the major oxidant species that was photosensitized, and accomplish the mineralization of PCP to CO2 and HCl.

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