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In the world of terrorism, knowledge is a critical asset. Recent
studies have revealed that, among international terrorists, there
is a global sharing of ideas, tactics, strategies, and lessons
learned. Teaching Terror examines this sharing of information in
the terrorist world, shaping our understanding of, and response to,
the global threat of terrorism. Chapters cover various aspects of
individual and organizational learning, some using a general level
of analysis and others presenting case studies of individual
terrorist groups. These groups teach each other through a variety
of means, including training camps and the Internet. Terrorist
networks are also learning organizations, drawing on situational
awareness, adapting their behavior, and, to give one example,
improving not just their use of improvised explosive devices, but
also rendering technology such as unmanned aerial vehicles and
satellite phones ineffective. This book provides a wealth of
insights on the transfer of knowledge in the world of terrorism,
and offers policy implications for counterterrorism professionals,
scholars, and policymakers.
This timely book spotlights how various entities are using the
Internet to shape people's perceptions and decision-making. Also
describes detailed case studies as well as the tools and methods
used to identify automated, fake accounts. This book brings
together three important dimensions of our everyday lives. First is
digital-the online ecosystem of information providers and tools,
from websites, blogs, discussion forums, and targeted email
campaigns to social media, video streaming, and virtual reality.
Second, influence-the most effective ways people can be persuaded,
in order to shape their beliefs in ways that lead them to embrace
one set of beliefs and reject others. And finally, warfare-wars won
by the information and disinformation providers who are able to
influence behavior in ways they find beneficial to their political,
social, and other goals. The book provides a wide range of specific
examples that illustrate the ways people are being targeted by
digital influencers. There is much more to digital influence
warfare than terrorist propaganda, "fake news," or Russian efforts
to manipulate elections: chapters examine post-truth narratives,
fabricated "alternate facts," and brainwashing and disinformation
within the context of various political, scientific, security, and
societal debates. The final chapters examine how new technical
tools, critical thinking, and resilience can help thwart digital
influence warfare efforts. Integrates interdisciplinary
perspectives from security studies, psychology, sociology,
criminology, information technology, and several other fields of
study Examines the ways in which terrorists, governments,
politicians, corporations, and many others use online technology to
influence beliefs and behaviors Offers detailed case studies to
illustrate how people succumb to the digital influence warfare
efforts of governments, terrorists, politicians, corporations, and
others Explains the tools and methods used to identify automated,
fake accounts on social media ("bots") as well as efforts to delete
or suspend users for offensive content or attempts to spread
disinformation Provides clear explanations of technical terms and
tools used by those who engage in these digital influence efforts
A comprehensive overview of counterterrorism that examines key
aspects of the fight against terrorism, including intelligence, law
enforcement, the military, financial and criminal activity, ethics,
and social media. Recent terrorist actions in the United States and
abroad make it clear that the subject of counterterrorism is as
vital and as timely as ever. Edited by a leading authority on
terrorism and security studies, this compendium offers a
wide-ranging look at the most vital aspects of counterterrorism,
from diplomacy and military action to the investigation and
interdiction of terrorist finances. Following an introduction,
chapters offer insightful discussions of strategy, policy,
tactical, and operational dimensions of counterterrorism. An
interdisciplinary team of expert contributors examine a wide range
of topics, including "lone wolf" and homegrown terrorists,
intelligence cooperation, social media, community policing,
terrorism finance, and the shadow economy. Case studies from
Europe, Latin America, South Asia, the Middle East, and the United
States provide clear, practical examples of effective-and sometimes
not so effective-approaches to combating terrorism. The volume will
serve as a central textbook for professional development courses,
workshops, and academic degree programs on terrorism,
counterterrorism, and security studies. Analyzes critical themes
and issues related to the fight against terrorism Provides an ideal
guide for students and other readers who are new to the study of
counterterrorism and national and international security Brings
together contributors from academia, the military, law enforcement,
government and intelligence agencies, and think tanks Includes case
studies that illustrate key concepts used in successfully combating
terrorism
This book draws on the perspectives of nearly 20 000 faculties from
around the world to determine significant trends in how professors
view teaching and research.
Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf examines the national security
implications of U.S. energy security policies in the Middle East,
and the emerging U.S. involvement in oil exploration and extraction
in West Africa. Similar political, social, and economic challenges
poverty, corruption, lack of infrastructure, and weak governments
are seen in the oil-producing states of both the Middle East and
Africa. Drawing comparisons between these two regions allows Forest
and Sousa to formulate policy recommendations for how to handle
foreign policy toward Africa in the future based on lessons learned
from past interaction with the Middle East. Oil and Terrorism in
the New Gulf promises to inform a lively debate over the future of
U.S. foreign policies toward Africa and is a valuable resource for
policymakers and the academic community that should be approached
in a coherent, integrated fashion to ensure the success of the
United State's energy and national security agendas.
In the world of terrorism, knowledge is a critical asset. Recent
studies have revealed that, among international terrorists, there
is a global sharing of ideas, tactics, strategies, and lessons
learned. Teaching Terror examines this sharing of information in
the terrorist world, shaping our understanding of, and response to,
the global threat of terrorism. Chapters cover various aspects of
individual and organizational learning, some using a general level
of analysis and others presenting case studies of individual
terrorist groups. These groups teach each other through a variety
of means, including training camps and the Internet. Terrorist
networks are also learning organizations, drawing on situational
awareness, adapting their behavior, and, to give one example,
improving not just their use of improvised explosive devices, but
also rendering technology such as unmanned aerial vehicles and
satellite phones ineffective. This book provides a wealth of
insights on the transfer of knowledge in the world of terrorism,
and offers policy implications for counterterrorism professionals,
scholars, and policymakers.
Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Research on the Academic Profession: An Overview 3. Comments on the Data and Analysis 4. Professors Who Prefer Teaching 5. Issues of Instruction 6. Institutional Working Conditions 7. The Academic Profession 8. Higher Education's Role in Society 9. International Dimensions of Higher Education 10. Summing Up
First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor &
Francis, an informa company.
This important work, edited by an expert on terrorism, focuses on
the 21st-century struggle for strategic influence and ways in which
states can neutralize the role of new media in spreading terrorist
propaganda. In an era where anyone can have access to the Internet
or other media forms that make widespread communication easy,
terrorists and insurgents can spread their messages with complete
freedom, creating challenges for national security. Influence
Warfare: How Terrorists and Governments Fight to Shape Perceptions
in a War of Ideas focuses on the core of the ongoing struggle for
strategic influence and, particularly, how states can counter the
role media and the Internet play in radicalizing new agents of
terrorism. As the book makes clear, governments need to find ways
to effectively confront non-state adversaries at all levels of the
information domain and create an understanding of strategic
communications within a broad range of technologies. The essays
from the international group of authors who contributed to this
work offer a deeper understanding of the ongoing struggle.
Influence Warfare also provides a set of case studies that
illustrate how the means and methods of strategic influence can
impact a nation's security. Case studies
During the last ten years an increasing number of government and
media reports, scholarly books and journal articles, and other
publications have focused our attention on the expanded range of
interactions between international organized crime and terrorist
networks. A majority of these interactions have been in the form of
temporary organizational alliances (or customer-supplier
relationships) surrounding a specific type of transaction or
resource exchange, like document fraud or smuggling humans, drugs
or weapons across a particular border. The environment in which
terrorists and criminals operate is also a central theme of this
literature. These research trends suggest the salience of this book
which addresses how organized criminal and terrorist networks
collaborate, share knowledge and learn from each other in ways that
expand their operational capabilities. The book contains broad
conceptual pieces, historical analyses, and case studies that
highlight different facets of the intersection between crime and
terrorism. These chapters collectively help us to identify and
appreciate a variety of dynamics at the individual, organizational,
and contextual levels. These dynamics, in turn, inform a deeper
understanding of the security threat posted by terrorists and
criminal networks and how to respond more effectively. This book
was published as a special issue of Terrorism and Political
Violence.
University and college teaching is an important topic in the study
of higher education around the world. This collection of original
essays provides a broad perspective on the issue by examining
preparation, assessment, and reward from cross-cultural
perspectives, and exploring the cultural and social influences that
affect these dimensions.
During the last ten years an increasing number of government and
media reports, scholarly books and journal articles, and other
publications have focused our attention on the expanded range of
interactions between international organized crime and terrorist
networks. A majority of these interactions have been in the form of
temporary organizational alliances (or customer-supplier
relationships) surrounding a specific type of transaction or
resource exchange, like document fraud or smuggling humans, drugs
or weapons across a particular border. The environment in which
terrorists and criminals operate is also a central theme of this
literature. These research trends suggest the salience of this book
which addresses how organized criminal and terrorist networks
collaborate, share knowledge and learn from each other in ways that
expand their operational capabilities. The book contains broad
conceptual pieces, historical analyses, and case studies that
highlight different facets of the intersection between crime and
terrorism. These chapters collectively help us to identify and
appreciate a variety of dynamics at the individual, organizational,
and contextual levels. These dynamics, in turn, inform a deeper
understanding of the security threat posted by terrorists and
criminal networks and how to respond more effectively. This book
was published as a special issue of Terrorism and Political
Violence.
America is a target; the homeland is under threat. While Americans
have been targets of terrorist attacks for quite some time,
September 11, 2001, awoke the nation to the reality that we are
vulnerable in our homes, our places of work and worship, and our
means of public transportation. And yet, we must continue to
function as best we can as the world's most vibrant economic and
political community. The current threat environment requires
greater engagement with the public, as the necessary eyes and ears
of the nation's homeland security infrastructure. However, to be
effective, the public must be equipped with the knowledge of where
and why specific locations and activities may be a terrorist
target, what is being done to protect those targets, and how they
can help. The chapters of each volume of Homeland Security revolve
around a core of central questions. Are we safer today than we were
pre-9/11? What steps have been taken in all these areas to protect
ourselves? What are the threats we face, and what new threats have
developed since 9/11? Are we staying one step ahead of those who
wish to do us harm? In 2002, more than 400 million people, 122
million cars, 11 million trucks, 2.4 million freight cars, and 8
million containers entered the United States. Nearly 60,000 vessels
entered the United States at its 301 ports of entry. Clearly the
amount of activity this represents will require a long-term
commitment to innovation, organizational learning, and public
vigilance to complement an already overstretched network of
government agencies and security professionals. Volume 1, Borders
and Points of Entry, addresses the question of how and where
harmful people or material can enter thecountry, and how a
combination of local, state, and federal agencies work with the
private sector to ensure our security. Volume 2, Public Spaces and
Social Institutions, covers a wide variety of potential
vulnerabilities. Volume 3, Critical Infrastructure, deals with
vital infrastructures and systems, attacks against which would
yield not only significant loss of life but would also entail
devastating economic and financial consequences.
Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf examines the national security
implications of U.S. energy security policies in the Middle East,
and the emerging U.S. involvement in oil exploration and extraction
in West Africa. Similar political, social, and economic
challenges--poverty, corruption, lack of infrastructure, and weak
governments--are seen in the oil-producing states of both the
Middle East and Africa. Drawing comparisons between these two
regions allows Forest and Sousa to formulate policy recommendations
for how to handle foreign policy toward Africa in the future based
on lessons learned from past interaction with the Middle East. Oil
and Terrorism in the New Gulf promises to inform a lively debate
over the future of U.S. foreign policies toward Africa and is a
valuable resource for policymakers and the academic community that
should be approached in a coherent, integrated fashion to ensure
the success of the United State's energy and national security
agendas.
The attacks of September 11, 2001, inaugurated a new global era of
counterterrorism policy and activity, led by the United States.
Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century analyzes
the most significant dimensions of combating terrorism, including
considerations of strategic and tactical issues (hard power, soft
power, and counterintelligence); the need to thwart sources and
facilitators (weak governments, ill-conceived foreign policy, and
trafficking in drugs, guns, and humans); and the incorporation of
lessons learned thus far from combating terrorism around the globe.
Since the dawn of the new millennium, combating terrorism has
become a primary focus of security professionals throughout the
world. The attacks of September 11, 2001, inaugurated a new global
era of counterterrorism policy and activity, led by the United
States, while many countries—from Algeria and Spain to Sri Lanka
and Indonesia—have redoubled their efforts to combat their own
indigenous terrorism threats. In the Unites States, the
counterterrorism goals identified in the National Strategy for
Combating Terrorism (2006) can only be achieved through significant
multinational cooperation. These goals are to advance effective
democracies as the long-term antidote to the ideologies of
terrorism; to prevent attacks by terrorist networks; to deny
terrorists the support and sanctuary of rogue states; to deny
terrorists control of any nation they would use as a base and
launching pad for terror; and to lay the foundations and build the
institutions and structures we need to carry the fight forward
against terror and help ensure our ultimate success. At this point
in the development of the global counterterrorism efforts, it is
particularly important to pause for reflection on a number of
critical questions. What do we know about effectively countering
terrorism? What are the characteristics of successful or
unsuccessful counterterrorism campaigns? What do we need to learn
in order to do this better? Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in
the 21st Century addresses these and related questions,
contributing to national security policy as well as to our
understanding of the terrorist threat and how it can be defeated.
Volume 1: Strategic and Tactical Considerations examines issues of
hard power, soft power, and intelligence/counterintelligence.
Volume 2: Sources and Facilitators covers state failure, border
controls, democracy promotion, networks and trade and trafficking,
and societal issues. Volume 3: Lessons Learned from Combating
Terrorism and Insurgency includes case studies of counterterrorism
operations (e.g., the hijacking of the Achille Lauro, the 1993
bombing of the World Trade Center, and the capture of key terrorist
suspects like Ramzi Youssef and Khalid Sheikh Mohamad); and case
studies of long-term efforts to combat terrorism (e.g., the Basques
in Spain, the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka, Israel's struggle against
Palestinian terror organizations, Peru and Sendero Luminoso, and
Japan and Aum Shinrikyo).
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