Non-monetary tokens known as jetons originated as counters used on medieval counting tables. In certain parts of France, the Low Countries, and German lands, they continued as such into the nineteenth century. The historical and numismatic interest in jetons stems more from what else they became, particularly though the end of the eighteenth century under the Bourbon monarchs, as perks of office for office holders in the burgeoning nation state of France, New Year's Day presents exchanged among certain segments of society, and lagniappe handed out for attendance at meetings in town halls, regional estates, and learned societies. Jetons figured in the rites and rituals of the guilds and faculties; they were swag for general meetings of the clergy, and they served as calling cards for noble families. Decoding hidden messages became a parlor game for cognoscenti, and as "petit monuments" some jetons are miniature works of high art produced by the world's most talented artists/engravers at the world's preeminent mint. In this book jetons serve as microdots in a pointillist, longue duree account that paints a grand portrait of early modern and Old Regime France leading up to the French Revolution.

The singular greatness of the constitutional principles that define American governance becomes wholly apparent in this scholarly history and exposition of the quest of liberty, order and justice in England, the American colonies, and, finally, in the United States of America. These qualities, together with the organization of the material presented, should make this revised second edition especially suitable for classes in constitutional history both for undergraduates and for high-school students in advanced courses. The sections include: The Constitution's Deep Roots; America's First Constitutions and Declarations of Rights; The Achievement of the Philadelphia Convention; Basic Constitutional Concepts - Federalism, Separation of Powers, and Rule of Law; Defending the Constitution - the Struggle Over Ratification and the Bill of Rights; Interpreting the Constitution; and Changing the Constitution - Together with an Explanation of the Amendments Added Since 1791. This new edition includes the author's revisions to the original edition published in 1989 by the Center for Judicial Studies.

For introductory courses (freshman and sophomore courses) in Digital Signal Processing and Signals and Systems. Text may be used before the student has taken a course in circuits. DSP First and its accompanying digital assets are the result of more than 20 years of work that originated from, and was guided by, the premise that signal processing is the best starting point for the study of electrical and computer engineering. The "DSP First" approach introduces the use of mathematics as the language for thinking about engineering problems, lays the groundwork for subsequent courses, and gives students hands-on experiences with MATLAB. The 2nd Edition features three new chapters on the Fourier Series, Discrete-Time Fourier Transform, and the The Discrete Fourier Transform as well as updated labs, visual demos, an update to the existing chapters, and hundreds of new homework problems and solutions.