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This collection addresses whether ethicists, like authorities in
other fields, can speak as experts in their subject matter. Though
ethics consultation is a growing practice in medical contexts,
there remain difficult questions about the role of ethicists in
professional decision-making. Contributors examine the nature and
plausibility of moral expertise, the relationship between character
and expertise, the nature and limits of moral authority, how one
might become a moral expert, and the trustworthiness of moral
testimony. This volume engages with the growing literature in these
debates and offers new perspectives from both academics and
practitioners. The readings will be of particular interest to
bioethicists, clinicians, ethics committees, and students of social
epistemology. These new essays promise to advance discussions in
the professionalization and accreditation of ethics consultation.
This collection addresses whether ethicists, like authorities in
other fields, can speak as experts in their subject matter. Though
ethics consultation is a growing practice in medical contexts,
there remain difficult questions about the role of ethicists in
professional decision-making. Contributors examine the nature and
plausibility of moral expertise, the relationship between character
and expertise, the nature and limits of moral authority, how one
might become a moral expert, and the trustworthiness of moral
testimony. This volume engages with the growing literature in these
debates and offers new perspectives from both academics and
practitioners. The readings will be of particular interest to
bioethicists, clinicians, ethics committees, and students of social
epistemology. These new essays promise to advance discussions in
the professionalization and accreditation of ethics consultation.
‘You shouldn’t drink too much. The Earth is round. Milk is good
for your bones.’ Are any of these claims true? How can you tell?
Can you ever be certain you are right? For anyone tackling
philosophical logic for the first time, here is a practical guide
to the skills required to think critically. From the basics of good
reasoning to the difference between claims, evidence and arguments,
Jamie Carlin Watson, Robert Arp and Skyler King cover the topics
found in an introductory course. Now revised and fully updated,
this 3rd edition gives you the chance to develop critical thinking
skills that can be used in and out of the classroom. Two new
chapters on reasoning in the age of conspiracy theories and fake
news demonstrate how to apply reason and avoid being dissuaded by
the persuasive power of evidence-free emoting. Features include a
glossary, chapter goals, more student-friendly exercises, study
questions, diagrams, and suggestions for further reading. Chapter
topics, organised around real-life examples such as predicting the
weather, a murder mystery and the Ouija board, cover: - the
structure, formation, analysis and recognition of arguments -
deductive validity and soundness - inductive strength and cogency -
inference to the best explanation - truth tables - tools for
argument assessment - informal and formal fallacies This
entertaining and easy-to-follow introduction is a complete
beginner’s tool set to good reasoning, analyzing and arguing.
'You shouldn't drink too much. The Earth is round. Milk is good for
your bones.' Are any of these claims true? How can you tell? Can
you ever be certain you are right? For anyone tackling
philosophical logic and critical thinking for the first time,
Critical Thinking: An Introduction to Reasoning Well provides a
practical guide to the skills required to think critically. From
the basics of good reasoning to the difference between claims,
evidence and arguments, Robert Arp and Jamie Carlin Watson cover
the topics found in an introductory course. Now revised and fully
updated, this Second Edition features a glossary, chapter
summaries, more student-friendly exercises, study questions,
diagrams, and suggestions for further reading. Topics include: the
structure, formation, analysis and recognition of arguments
deductive validity and soundness inductive strength and cogency
inference to the best explanation truth tables tools for argument
assessment informal and formal fallacies With real life examples,
advice on graduate school entrance exams and an expanded companion
website packed with additional exercises, an answer key and help
with real life examples, this easy-to-follow introduction is a
complete beginner's tool set to good reasoning, analyzing and
arguing. Ideal for students in basic reasoning courses and students
preparing for graduate school.
In this comprehensive tour of the long history and philosophy of
expertise, from ancient Greece to the 20th century, Jamie Carlin
Watson tackles the question of expertise and why we can be
skeptical of what experts say, making a valuable contribution to
contemporary philosophical debates on authority, testimony,
disagreement and trust. His review sketches out the ancient origins
of the concept, discussing its early association with cunning,
skill and authority and covering the sort of training that ancient
thinkers believed was required for expertise. Watson looks at the
evolution of the expert in the middle ages into a type of "genius"
or "innate talent" , moving to the role of psychological research
in 16th-century Germany, the influence of Darwin, the impact of
behaviorism and its interest to computer scientists, and its
transformation into the largely cognitive concept psychologists
study today.
What does it mean to be an expert? What sort of authority do
experts really have? And what role should they play in today's
society? Addressing why ever larger segments of society are
skeptical of what experts say, Expertise: A Philosophical
Introduction reviews contemporary philosophical debates and
introduces what an account of expertise needs to accomplish in
order to be believed. Drawing on research from philosophers and
sociologists, chapters explore widely held accounts of expertise
and uncover their limitations, outlining a set of conceptual
criteria a successful account of expertise should meet. By
providing suggestions for how a philosophy of expertise can inform
practical disciplines such as politics, religion, and applied
ethics, this timely introduction to a topic of pressing importance
reveals what philosophical thinking about expertise can contribute
to growing concerns about experts in the 21st century.
What does it mean to be an expert? What sort of authority do
experts really have? And what role should they play in today's
society? Addressing why ever larger segments of society are
skeptical of what experts say, Expertise: A Philosophical
Introduction reviews contemporary philosophical debates and
introduces what an account of expertise needs to accomplish in
order to be believed. Drawing on research from philosophers and
sociologists, chapters explore widely held accounts of expertise
and uncover their limitations, outlining a set of conceptual
criteria a successful account of expertise should meet. By
providing suggestions for how a philosophy of expertise can inform
practical disciplines such as politics, religion, and applied
ethics, this timely introduction to a topic of pressing importance
reveals what philosophical thinking about expertise can contribute
to growing concerns about experts in the 21st century.
'You shouldn't drink too much. The Earth is round. Milk is good for
your bones.' Are any of these claims true? How can you tell? Can
you ever be certain you are right? For anyone tackling
philosophical logic and critical thinking for the first time,
Critical Thinking: An Introduction to Reasoning Well provides a
practical guide to the skills required to think critically. From
the basics of good reasoning to the difference between claims,
evidence and arguments, Robert Arp and Jamie Carlin Watson cover
the topics found in an introductory course. Now revised and fully
updated, this Second Edition features a glossary, chapter
summaries, more student-friendly exercises, study questions,
diagrams, and suggestions for further reading. Topics include: the
structure, formation, analysis and recognition of arguments
deductive validity and soundness inductive strength and cogency
inference to the best explanation truth tables tools for argument
assessment informal and formal fallacies With real life examples,
advice on graduate school entrance exams and an expanded companion
website packed with additional exercises, an answer key and help
with real life examples, this easy-to-follow introduction is a
complete beginner's tool set to good reasoning, analyzing and
arguing. Ideal for students in basic reasoning courses and students
preparing for graduate school.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are
not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or
access to any online entitlements included with the product. The
DEEP and MEANINGFUL way to learn PHILOSOPHYTrying to understand
philosophy but feeling a bit skeptical? It's time to listen to
reason! Philosophy Demystified helps you grasp both fundamental and
complex topics with ease. Written in a step-by-step format, this
practical guide begins with an overview of Western philosophy and
coverage of correct reasoning and critical thinking. The book goes
on to discuss major branches of philosophy, including epistemology,
metaphysics, ethics, and political philosophy. In-depth examples,
detailed diagrams, and concise explanations make it easy to
understand the material, and end-of-chapter quizzes and a final
exam help reinforce learning. It's a no-brainer! You'll learn
about: Knowledge and the problem of skepticism The problem of
induction and the development of externalism Personhood and
personal identity over time The question of God's existence Moral
decision-making Justice, rights, and government Simple enough for a
beginner, but challenging enough for an advanced student,
Philosophy Demystified helps you master this fascinating subject.
‘You shouldn’t drink too much. The Earth is round. Milk is good
for your bones.’ Are any of these claims true? How can you tell?
Can you ever be certain you are right? For anyone tackling
philosophical logic for the first time, here is a practical guide
to the skills required to think critically. From the basics of good
reasoning to the difference between claims, evidence and arguments,
Jamie Carlin Watson, Robert Arp and Skyler King cover the topics
found in an introductory course. Now revised and fully updated,
this 3rd edition gives you the chance to develop critical thinking
skills that can be used in and out of the classroom. Two new
chapters on reasoning in the age of conspiracy theories and fake
news demonstrate how to apply reason and avoid being dissuaded by
the persuasive power of evidence-free emoting. Features include a
glossary, chapter goals, more student-friendly exercises, study
questions, diagrams, and suggestions for further reading. Chapter
topics, organised around real-life examples such as predicting the
weather, a murder mystery and the Ouija board, cover: - the
structure, formation, analysis and recognition of arguments -
deductive validity and soundness - inductive strength and cogency -
inference to the best explanation - truth tables - tools for
argument assessment - informal and formal fallacies This
entertaining and easy-to-follow introduction is a complete
beginner’s tool set to good reasoning, analyzing and arguing.
In this comprehensive tour of the long history and philosophy of
expertise, from ancient Greece to the 20th century, Jamie Carlin
Watson tackles the question of expertise and why we can be
skeptical of what experts say, making a valuable contribution to
contemporary philosophical debates on authority, testimony,
disagreement and trust. His review sketches out the ancient origins
of the concept, discussing its early association with cunning,
skill and authority and covering the sort of training that ancient
thinkers believed was required for expertise. Watson looks at the
evolution of the expert in the middle ages into a type of
“genius” or “innate talent” , moving to the role of
psychological research in 16th-century Germany, the influence of
Darwin, the impact of behaviorism and its interest to computer
scientists, and its transformation into the largely cognitive
concept psychologists study today.
Over the past few decades, psychologists have discovered that human
reasoning is defective in surprising ways. We are beset by numerous
biases and heuristics, which lead us to reason poorly about things
that matter to us. And while there are illuminating evolutionary
explanations for how these biases and heuristics may have benefited
our species in its phylogeny, psychologists are unanimous that
these cognitive dispositions largely corrupt rather than aid our
belief-forming practices. In Winning Votes by Abusing Reason:
Political Rhetoric and Responsible Belief, Jamie Watson argues that
political rhetoric, rather than helping us overcome these defects,
exacerbates them. And standard attempts to address this problem,
such as deliberative democracy and paternalism, tend to either
exclude citizens from important decisions or give them the illusion
of reasoning well, perpetuating poor and irresponsible political
beliefs. This book concludes that, rather than attempt more
political solutions, the most promising approach to forming and
preserving responsible political beliefs is to adopt individual
principles of epistemic caution. The author brings together
insights from political philosophy, social epistemology, behavioral
psychology, and agnotology to suggest how we might protect our
belief-forming behavior from the corrosive effects of political
rhetoric. Recommended for scholars of philosophy, rhetoric,
political science, and communications.
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