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The frequency of diabetic patients taking proper foot care is
highly insufficient. Proper Foot care practices are associated with
provision of education of foot care and literacy status of
patients. Most of diabetic patients are not provided with foot care
educations and they are not offered regular foot examinations
including patients with high risk feet. Frequencies of high risk
behaviors are high. These malpractices are affecting the feet of
diabetic patients. Our findings support, foot care education and
regular foot examination as strategies for prevention of foot
ulcers. Preventive practices must be reinforced so that patients
without foot ulcers should not develop ulcers. Our study also high
lights the need to increase foot care education along with proper
diabetic foot clinics.
The determinants of the obesity lie within the home and school
environment and the overall sociocultural phenomena. Children are
spending an alarmingly large part of their daily time on sedentary
activities, mostly on television. Having minimal physical activity
opportunities both at school and home and easier access to energy
rich fast foods are the major determinants of obesity. All the
stakeholders in the society; government, education and health
authorities, city planners and managers, transport, religious
leaders and policy makers at the national and local level must
realize that the childhood obesity has become a serious problem in
Pakistani society. A major responsibility falls on the parents who
have to provide the children healthiest possible environment
available in the area. This is also true in terms of helping the
children avail any opportunity to play and preventing the children
from eating unhealthy high calorie-poor nutrition foods. Further
studies are required to see the effects of exposure to other
factors in addition to physical activity.
Health information system in Pakistan is poorly designed and
collecting incomplete, inaccurate, untimely and unrelated data,
which does not help in decision making for planning and management
purposes. Study was a retrospective descriptive based on the data
recorded in District HMIS cell and monthly reports of 34 health
facilities on priority disease and other related health events and
also observes the various steps, components and the application of
HMIS in disease reporting. Data was collected through a format of
questionnaire and was processed by hand sorting techniques,
calculator and statistical program for social sciences (SPSS)
version 16. The findings of the result showed that only 34 health
facilities out of 72 are reporting and 38 not reporting. In 77% of
health facilities had trained personnel in HMIS reporting, hence
62% reports received were found to be accurate. 62% reports were
not submitted in time. About 85% reports were analyzed and
interpret and 79% of the cases action was taken. Improper
maintaining record, lack of interest and cooperation of doctors,
inadequate staffing, poor supervision, were the factors affecting
reporting.
We investigated the knowledge and perception about HIV/AIDS among
the University students of Dhaka city in Bangladesh. A total number
of 162 respondents participated in the study. Data were collected
prospectively from different public and private Universities of
Dhaka city in Bangladesh. The study showed that every respondent
heard about HIV/AIDS and their main source of knowledge about
HIV/AIDS was from media (72%). Among the respondents, 64% regularly
donated blood and few of them (38%) were careful during blood
donation. 95% of the respondents (who were drug abusers) did not
share injections or needles for taking drugs of abuse. 97% of the
respondents did not exchanged sex for drugs or money; however, 25%
had physical relation with their sex partners and among them, only
24% used condoms while 57% knew about the use of condom. Only 27%
of the respondents knew about HIV test centers. 90% thought that
HIV/AIDS education will increase awareness about HIV/AIDS. 35% of
the respondents were familiar with condom vendor machines and 28%
of the respondents did not support for condom vendor machines to be
installed in public places in Bangladesh.
This book draws conclusion on the increasingly high burden of
overweight and obesity among the children in a developing country
setting. Obesity prevalence is found to be highest among the boys,
children belonging to the middle income families and those in the
younger age groups. The determinants of the obesity exist within
the home and school environment. Children are spending an
alarmingly large part of their daily time on sedentary activities,
mostly on television. Having minimal physical activity
opportunities both at school and home and easier access to energy
rich fast foods are found to be the major determinants of obesity.
Children who are poor in sports and those who want to loose weight
were very obese indicating that there is an unmet need as far as
sports opportunities is concerned. The consumption of fruits is
associated with protection against obesity a factor that emphasizes
towards healthier eating in daily life.
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