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This title was first published in 2002.Science and humanity are
usually seen as very different: the sciences of nature aim at
explanations whereas the sciences of man seek meaning and
understanding. This book shows how these contrasting descriptions
fail to fit into a modern philosophical account of the sciences and
the arts. Presenting some of the major ideas within the philosophy
of science on facts, explanation, interpretation, methods, laws,
and theories, Jan Faye compares various approaches, including his
own. Arguing that the sciences of nature and the sciences of man
share a common practice of acquiring knowledge, this book offers a
unique introduction to key aspects in the philosophy of science.
This title was first published in 2002.Science and humanity are
usually seen as very different: the sciences of nature aim at
explanations whereas the sciences of man seek meaning and
understanding. This book shows how these contrasting descriptions
fail to fit into a modern philosophical account of the sciences and
the arts. Presenting some of the major ideas within the philosophy
of science on facts, explanation, interpretation, methods, laws,
and theories, Jan Faye compares various approaches, including his
own. Arguing that the sciences of nature and the sciences of man
share a common practice of acquiring knowledge, this book offers a
unique introduction to key aspects in the philosophy of science.
This book presents a persuasive argument in favour of evolutionary
naturalism and outlines what such a stance means for our capacity
of observation and understanding reality. The author discusses how
our capacity of knowledge is adapted to handle sensory information
about the environment in the light of Charles Darwin's theory of
evolution. The implication of this is that much of our thinking in
science and philosophy that goes beyond our immediate experience
rests on abstractions and hypostatization. This book rejects the
possibility of having any knowledge of reality as it is in itself,
while not denying that our capacity of conceptual abstractions is
of great benefit for our survival.
This book presents a persuasive argument in favour of evolutionary
naturalism and outlines what such a stance means for our capacity
of observation and understanding reality. The author discusses how
our capacity of knowledge is adapted to handle sensory information
about the environment in the light of Charles Darwin's theory of
evolution. The implication of this is that much of our thinking in
science and philosophy that goes beyond our immediate experience
rests on abstractions and hypostatization. This book rejects the
possibility of having any knowledge of reality as it is in itself,
while not denying that our capacity of conceptual abstractions is
of great benefit for our survival.
The bulk of the present book has not been published previously
though Chapters II and IV are based in part on two earlier papers
of mine: "The Influence of Harald H 1lffding's Philosophy on Niels
Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics," which appeared in
Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, 1979, and "The Bohr-H 1lffding
Relationship Reconsidered," published in Studies in History and
Philosophy of Science, 1988. These two papers comple ment each
other, and in order to give the whole issue a more extended
treatment I have sought, in the present volume by drawing on
relevant historical material, to substantiate the claim that H
1lffding was Bohr's mentor. Besides containing a detailed account
of Bohr's philosophy, the book, at the same time, serves the
purpose of making H 1lffding' s ideas and historical significance
better known to a non-Danish readership. During my work on this
book I have consulted the Royal Danish Library; the National
Archive of Denmark and the Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen, in
search of relevant material. I am grateful for permission to use
and quote material from these sources. Likewise, I am indebted to
colleagues and friends for commenting upon the manuscript: I am
especially grateful to Professor Henry Folse for our many
discussions during my visit to New Orleans in November-December
1988 and again here in Elsinore in July 1990."
The philosophy of the humanistic sciences has been a blind-spot in
analytic philosophy. This book argues that by adopting an
appropriate pragmatic analysis of explanation and interpretation it
is possible to show that scientific practice of humanistic sciences
can be understood on similar lines to scientific practice of
natural and social sciences.
The philosophy of the humanistic sciences has been a blind-spot in
analytic philosophy. This book argues that by adopting an
appropriate pragmatic analysis of explanation and interpretation it
is possible to show that scientific practice of humanistic sciences
can be understood on similar lines to scientific practice of
natural and social sciences.
Perspectives on Time deals with the problem of time from different
perspectives such as logic, physics and philosophy. It contains 18
previously unpublished papers, written by philosophers from various
European countries, as well as a large introduction about the
history and the main situation in the respective fields today. The
prominent issues which are addressed in this book concern the
direction of time, the reality of tenses, the objectivity of
becoming, the existence in time, and the logical structures of
reasoning about time. The papers have been written based on
different approaches, partly depending on whether the authors
subscribe to an A-theory or a B-theory of time. Audience: Due to
the broad variety of approaches the book contains important
contributions both for philosophers, philosophers of science,
logicians and for scientists working in the field of language and
AI.
One of the most basic problems in the philosophy of science
involves determining the extent to which nature is governed by
laws. This volume presents a wide-ranging overview of the
contemporary debate and includes some of its foremost participants.
It begins with an extensive introduction describing the historical,
logical and philosophical background of the problems dealt with in
the essays. Among the topics treated in the essays is the
relationship between laws of nature and causal laws as well as the
role of ceteris paribus clauses in scientific explanations.
Traditionally, the problem of the unity of science was intimately
connected to the problem of understanding the unity of nature. This
fourth volume of Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science
tackles these problems as part of our consideration of the most
fundamental aspects of scientific understanding.
One of the most basic problems in the philosophy of science
involves determining the extent to which nature is governed by
laws. This volume presents a wide-ranging overview of the
contemporary debate and includes some of its foremost participants.
It begins with an extensive introduction describing the historical,
logical and philosophical background of the problems dealt with in
the essays. Among the topics treated in the essays is the
relationship between laws of nature and causal laws as well as the
role of ceteris paribus clauses in scientific explanations.
Traditionally, the problem of the unity of science was intimately
connected to the problem of understanding the unity of nature. This
fourth volume of Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science
tackles these problems as part of our consideration of the most
fundamental aspects of scientific understanding.
Perspectives on Time deals with the problem of time from different
perspectives such as logic, physics and philosophy. It contains 18
previously unpublished papers, written by philosophers from various
European countries, as well as a large introduction about the
history and the main situation in the respective fields today. The
prominent issues which are addressed in this book concern the
direction of time, the reality of tenses, the objectivity of
becoming, the existence in time, and the logical structures of
reasoning about time. The papers have been written based on
different approaches, partly depending on whether the authors
subscribe to an A-theory or a B-theory of time. Audience: Due to
the broad variety of approaches the book contains important
contributions both for philosophers, philosophers of science,
logicians and for scientists working in the field of language and
AI.
The bulk of the present book has not been published previously
though Chapters II and IV are based in part on two earlier papers
of mine: "The Influence of Harald H 1lffding's Philosophy on Niels
Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics," which appeared in
Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, 1979, and "The Bohr-H 1lffding
Relationship Reconsidered," published in Studies in History and
Philosophy of Science, 1988. These two papers comple ment each
other, and in order to give the whole issue a more extended
treatment I have sought, in the present volume by drawing on
relevant historical material, to substantiate the claim that H
1lffding was Bohr's mentor. Besides containing a detailed account
of Bohr's philosophy, the book, at the same time, serves the
purpose of making H 1lffding' s ideas and historical significance
better known to a non-Danish readership. During my work on this
book I have consulted the Royal Danish Library; the National
Archive of Denmark and the Niels Bohr Archive, Copenhagen, in
search of relevant material. I am grateful for permission to use
and quote material from these sources. Likewise, I am indebted to
colleagues and friends for commenting upon the manuscript: I am
especially grateful to Professor Henry Folse for our many
discussions during my visit to New Orleans in November-December
1988 and again here in Elsinore in July 1990."
This innovative book proposes a unique and original perspective on
the nature of the mind and how phenomenal consciousness may arise
in a physical world. From simple sentient organisms to complex
self-reflective systems, Faye argues for a
naturalistic-evolutionary approach to philosophy of mind and
consciousness. Drawing on substantial literature in evolutionary
biology and cognitive science, this book offers a promising
alternative to the major theories of the mind-body problem: the
quality of our experiences should not, as some philosophers have
claimed, be associated with subjectivity that is not open for
scientific explanation, nor should it be associated with intrinsic
properties of the brain. Instead, Faye argues that mental
properties are extrinsic properties of the brain caused by the
organism's interaction with its environment. Taking on the
explanatory gap, and rejecting the ontological pluralism of present
naturalist theories of the mind, Faye thus proposes a unified view
of reality in which it is possible to explain qualitative mental
presentations as part of the physical world.
Traditionally, philosophers have argued that epistemology is a
normative discipline and therefore occupied with an a priori
analysis of the necessary and sufficient conditions that a belief
must fulfill to be acceptable as knowledge. But such an approach
makes sense only if human knowledge has some normative features,
which conceptual analysis is able to disclose. As it turns out,
philosophers have not been able to find such features unless they
are very selective in their choice of examples of knowledge. Much
of what we intuitively think functions as knowledge, both in human
and non-human animals, does not share these normative features. The
purpose of this book is to demonstrate that natural selection has
adapted human sense impressions to deliver reliable information
without meeting the traditional commitments for having knowledge.
In connection with memory, sensory and bodily information provides
an animal with experiential knowledge. Experiential knowledge
helps an animal to navigate its environment. Moreover,
experiential knowledge has different functions depending on whether
the deliverance of information stems from the organism’s external
or internal senses.
Niels Bohr and Philosophy of Physics: Twenty-First Century
Perspectives examines the philosophical views, influences and
legacy of the Nobel Prize physicist and philosophical spokesman of
the quantum revolution, Niels Bohr. The sixteen contributions in
this collection by some of the best contemporary philosophers and
physicists writing on Bohr's philosophy today all carefully
distinguish his subtle and unique interpretation of quantum
mechanics from views often imputed to him under the banner of the
"Copenhagen Interpretation." With respect to philosophical
influences on Bohr's outlook, the contributors analyse prominent
similarities between his viewpoint and Kantian ways of thinking,
the views of the Danish philosopher Harald Hoffding, and themes
characteristic of American pragmatism. In recognizing the
importance of Bohr's epistemological naturalism they examine his
defence of the indispensability of classical concepts from a
variety of different perspectives. This collection shows us that
Bohr's interpretation of quantum mechanics, now nearly a century
old, still has the power to shed light on a variety of issues that
have arisen only since his lifetime, as well as decoherence theory
and other non-collapse interpretations. Balancing historical themes
with contemporary discussions, Niels Bohr and the Philosophy of
Physics establishes Bohr's on-going contribution to the philosophy
of physics and examines his place in the history of philosophy.
Niels Bohr and Philosophy of Physics: Twenty-First Century
Perspectives examines the philosophical views, influences and
legacy of the Nobel Prize physicist and philosophical spokesman of
the quantum revolution, Niels Bohr. The sixteen contributions in
this collection by some of the best contemporary philosophers and
physicists writing on Bohr's philosophy today all carefully
distinguish his subtle and unique interpretation of quantum
mechanics from views often imputed to him under the banner of the
"Copenhagen Interpretation." With respect to philosophical
influences on Bohr's outlook, the contributors analyse prominent
similarities between his viewpoint and Kantian ways of thinking,
the views of the Danish philosopher Harald Hoffding, and themes
characteristic of American pragmatism. In recognizing the
importance of Bohr's epistemological naturalism they examine his
defence of the indispensability of classical concepts from a
variety of different perspectives. This collection shows us that
Bohr's interpretation of quantum mechanics, now nearly a century
old, still has the power to shed light on a variety of issues that
have arisen only since his lifetime, as well as decoherence theory
and other non-collapse interpretations. Balancing historical themes
with contemporary discussions, Niels Bohr and the Philosophy of
Physics establishes Bohr's on-going contribution to the philosophy
of physics and examines his place in the history of philosophy.
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