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Experimental advances in helium atom scattering spectroscopy over
the last forty years have allowed the measurement of surface phonon
dispersion curves of more than 200 different crystal surfaces and
overlayers of insulators, semiconductors and metals. The first part
of the book presents, at a tutorial level, the fundamental concepts
and methods in surface lattice dynamics, and the theory of
atom-surface interaction and inelastic scattering in their various
approximations, up to the recent electron-phonon theory of helium
atom scattering from conducting surfaces. The second part of the
book, after introducing the experimentalist to He-atom
spectrometers and the rich phenomenology of helium atom scattering
from corrugated surfaces, illustrates the most significant
experimental results on the surface phonon dispersion curves of
various classes of insulators, semiconductors, metals, layered
crystals, topological insulators, complex surfaces, adsorbates,
ultra-thin films and clusters. The great potential of helium atom
scattering for the study of atomic scale diffusion, THz surface
collective excitations, including acoustic surface plasmons, and
the future prospects of helium atom scattering are presented in the
concluding chapters. The book will be valuable reading for all
researchers and graduate students interested in dynamical processes
at surfaces.
This open access book covers recent advances in experiments using
the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment
provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic,
structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters.
The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules,
clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and
laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion
studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium
clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction
of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is
given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass
spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
This open access book covers recent advances in experiments using
the ultra-cold, very weakly perturbing superfluid environment
provided by helium nanodroplets for high resolution spectroscopic,
structural and dynamic studies of molecules and synthetic clusters.
The recent infra-red, UV-Vis studies of radicals, molecules,
clusters, ions and biomolecules, as well as laser dynamical and
laser orientational studies, are reviewed. The Coulomb explosion
studies of the uniquely quantum structures of small helium
clusters, X-ray imaging of large droplets and electron diffraction
of embedded molecules are also described. Particular emphasis is
given to the synthesis and detection of new species by mass
spectrometry and deposition electron microscopy.
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