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Spinoza - Four Essays
William Angus Knight, Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land
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R842
Discovery Miles 8 420
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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In the current era of globalisation, national governments are
increasingly exposed to international influences which can present
many new constraints and opportunities for domestic environmental
policies. This comprehensive Handbook pushes the frontiers of
theoretical and empirical knowledge, and provides a
state-of-the-art examination of the critical effects of
globalisation on environmental governance. Following a
comprehensive introduction by the editors, the expert contributors
analyse key concepts and recent developments in themes such as
national regimes, types of environmental goods, trade rules and
environmental policies, eco-innovation policy, government-business
cooperation, the role of citizen-consumers in environmental
politics, and governance in developing countries. They also present
various societal perspectives, including the role of businesses and
non-governmental organisations. Eight original case studies address
global influences on domestic environmental policies and government
participation in international and supranational fora. The Handbook
concludes with innovative and challenging views on the future role
of national governments in global environmental governance.
Including contributions from leading authorities in academia,
government, and business, this comprehensive new Handbook provides
an insightful overview of the powerful effect of globalisation on
national environmental policy. The depth and scope of the work will
ensure a broad and varied readership, including academics,
students, and policymakers in the fields of governance,
environmental politics and law, international relations, and
political science.
This is the most comprehensive account to date of literary politics
in Nazi Germany and of the institutions, organizations and people
who controlled German literature during the Third Reich. Barbian
details a media dictatorship-involving the persecution and control
of writers, publishers and libraries, but also voluntary
assimilation and pre-emptive self-censorship-that began almost
immediately under the National Socialists, leading to authors'
forced declarations of loyalty, literary propaganda, censorship,
and book burnings. Special attention is given to Nazi regulation of
the publishing industry and command over all forms of publication
and dissemination, from the most presitigious publishing houses to
the smallest municipal and school libraries. Barbian also shows
that, although the Nazis censored books not in line with Party
aims, many publishers and writers took advantage of loopholes in
their system of control. Supporting his work with exhaustive
research of original sources, Barbian describes a society in which
everybody who was not openly opposed to it, participated in the
system, whether as a writer, an editor, or even as an ordinary
visitor to a library.
The concepts of the neuroendocrine system and the immune system
emerged more or less simultaneously in the second half of the 20th
century. Although these systems have a high degree of autonomy, it
has also become clear that they interact in many ways and at
different levels. This book focuses on the neuroendocrine and
immune interactions that are fundamental to normal development and
maintenance of health. The first introductory chapters are devoted
to the historical and philosophical concepts within the field, as
well as evolutionary considerations, offering critical
interdisciplinary perspectives on the development of this field of
research. Without attempting an exhaustive overview, the book then
introduces some of the regulatory pathways that mediate
interactions between the neuroendocrine and immune systems and
examines modulating factors such as age and sex. In addition,
several chapters address the importance of neuroendocrine-immune
interactions in some disease states. Readers can expect to gain a
broad perspective of neuroendocrine-immune interactions in
development, health, and disease, along with a critical evaluation
of current methods used in the field. Given its scope, the book is
essential reading for undergraduate and graduate students with an
interest in neuroendocrinology, neuroimmunology, and neuroscience,
as well as postdoctoral fellows and established researchers seeking
a comprehensive overview and historical perspective of the field of
neuroendocrine-immune interactions.
In this comparative study of programmes against poverty in
developing countries, the authors argue that building sustainable,
target group-oriented financial institutions is important and
feasible, and that it is likely to have greater development impact
than the channelling of external funds to poor target groups (small
and micro-scale business, small farmers, and women). The analysis
has far-reaching implications for development policy and will
interest development specialists, policymakers, and scholars of
development finance and international banking.
The authors of this timely analysis compare the different ways in
which financial services in developing countries are provided to
poor target groups largely cut off from formal financial systems:
small and micro-scale business, small farmers, and women. They
argue that building sustainable and target group-oriented financial
institutions is important and feasible, and that such building is
likely to have greater development impact than the channeling of
external funds to poor target groups. Yet the provision of
financial services to the poor as well as institution-building
efforts are likely to run into severe information and incentive
problems. How these problems can be addressed and overcome is
central to the authors' analysis. Drawing extensively on the
conceptual tools of the new economics of information and
institutions, Krahnen and Schmidt examine real-world cases of
institution building. They consider formal and informal financial
institutions, in particular group lend ing, rotating savings and
credit associations (RoSCAs), and financial cooperatives, and
demonstrate how information and institution economics can be put
into prac tice. Development Finance as Institution Building has
far-reaching implications for development policy and the design of
aid programs. It is crucial reading for development specialists,
policymakers, and scholars of development finance and international
banking. This study has been prepared on behalf and with the
support of the International Labour Office (ILO). It forms part of
a program that explores the links between finance and poverty
reduction.
The present volume contains an annotated Latin translation of the
collection of saints' lives and fragments of the Ecclesiastical
History of John of Ephesus, prefaced by a lengthly list of
emendations to the Syriac text.
'The Handbook of Globalisation and Environmental Policy is a very
important book. More than 40 experienced authors, including some of
the most important international thought leaders of our time, have
confronted a crucial question: How can and should national
governments come to grips with the need for global action on a wide
range of increasingly urgent environmental challenges that exceed
their authority and capability? Through close examination of
numerous case studies, a balanced perspective that takes
government, business and civil society into account, and fresh
interdisciplinary thinking about a range of policy tools, the
Handbook offers a treasure-trove of new concepts and new
perspectives. The authors conclude that by acknowledging the
ongoing erosion of national sovereignty and accepting the growing
need to work together in supranational forums, national governments
can, in fact, increase their capacity to shape their own destiny.'
- Lawrence Susskind, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US 'In
an increasingly interdependent world, global forces affect both the
design and effectiveness of environmental policy. This Handbook
provides an unusually creative and comprehensive guide, not only to
the nature of these forces and their impacts, but also to how a
better understanding of these forces can provide a foundation for
improving the effectiveness of environmental policy.' - Tom
Tietenberg, Colby College, US In the current era of globalization,
national governments are increasingly exposed to international
influences that present new constraints and opportunities for
domestic environmental policies. This comprehensive, revised
Handbook pushes the frontiers of theoretical and empirical
knowledge, and provides a state-of-the-art examination of the
multifaceted effects of globalization on environmental governance.
Including substantially revised as well as new contributions from
leading authorities, the Handbook offers an insightful overview of
recent developments at the intersection of globalization and
national environmental policy. It covers themes including national
regimes, trade rules, types of goods, federalism, innovation,
standards, citizen-consumers, developing countries, policy
networks, partnerships, and carbon trading. The Handbook's depth
and scope will appeal to a broad and varied readership, across
academics, students, and policy makers interested in public and
private governance, environmental economics, international
relations, environmental politics and law, sociology, and political
science. Contributors: T. Chagas, P. Conceicao, E. Dellas, D. Esty,
M. Flaherty, P. Glasbergen, E. Harkink, J. Hontelez, M. Ivanova, M.
Jansen, N. Johnstone, M. Kalamova, I. Kaul, A. Keck, R. Kemp, W.
Kersten, A. Kolliker, L. Kramer, D. Liefferink, A. Mol, H. Mowat,
H. Opschoor, S. Ozinga, J. Pieters, D. Post, L. Soete, G.
Spaargaren, B. Stigson, C. Streck, M. Toffel, N. Uludere Aragon, J.
van Kasteren, P. van Seters, S. Veenman, J. Verschuuren, R. Visser,
D. Vogel, K. von Moltke, M. von Unger, R. Weehuizen, F. Wijen, K.
Zoeteman
'The Handbook of Globalisation and Environmental Policy is a very
important book. More than 40 experienced authors, including some of
the most important international thought leaders of our time, have
confronted a crucial question: How can and should national
governments come to grips with the need for global action on a wide
range of increasingly urgent environmental challenges that exceed
their authority and capability? Through close examination of
numerous case studies, a balanced perspective that takes
government, business and civil society into account, and fresh
interdisciplinary thinking about a range of policy tools, the
Handbook offers a treasure-trove of new concepts and new
perspectives. The authors conclude that by acknowledging the
ongoing erosion of national sovereignty and accepting the growing
need to work together in supranational forums, national governments
can, in fact, increase their capacity to shape their own destiny.'
- Lawrence Susskind, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, US 'In
an increasingly interdependent world, global forces affect both the
design and effectiveness of environmental policy. This Handbook
provides an unusually creative and comprehensive guide, not only to
the nature of these forces and their impacts, but also to how a
better understanding of these forces can provide a foundation for
improving the effectiveness of environmental policy.' - Tom
Tietenberg, Colby College, US In the current era of globalization,
national governments are increasingly exposed to international
influences that present new constraints and opportunities for
domestic environmental policies. This comprehensive, revised
Handbook pushes the frontiers of theoretical and empirical
knowledge, and provides a state-of-the-art examination of the
multifaceted effects of globalization on environmental governance.
Including substantially revised as well as new contributions from
leading authorities, the Handbook offers an insightful overview of
recent developments at the intersection of globalization and
national environmental policy. It covers themes including national
regimes, trade rules, types of goods, federalism, innovation,
standards, citizen-consumers, developing countries, policy
networks, partnerships, and carbon trading. The Handbook's depth
and scope will appeal to a broad and varied readership, across
academics, students, and policy makers interested in public and
private governance, environmental economics, international
relations, environmental politics and law, sociology, and political
science. Contributors: T. Chagas, P. Conceicao, E. Dellas, D. Esty,
M. Flaherty, P. Glasbergen, E. Harkink, J. Hontelez, M. Ivanova, M.
Jansen, N. Johnstone, M. Kalamova, I. Kaul, A. Keck, R. Kemp, W.
Kersten, A. Kolliker, L. Kramer, D. Liefferink, A. Mol, H. Mowat,
H. Opschoor, S. Ozinga, J. Pieters, D. Post, L. Soete, G.
Spaargaren, B. Stigson, C. Streck, M. Toffel, N. Uludere Aragon, J.
van Kasteren, P. van Seters, S. Veenman, J. Verschuuren, R. Visser,
D. Vogel, K. von Moltke, M. von Unger, R. Weehuizen, F. Wijen, K.
Zoeteman
In the current era of globalisation, national governments are
increasingly exposed to international influences which can present
many new constraints and opportunities for domestic environmental
policies. This comprehensive Handbook pushes the frontiers of
theoretical and empirical knowledge, and provides a
state-of-the-art examination of the critical effects of
globalisation on environmental governance. Following a
comprehensive introduction by the editors, the expert contributors
analyse key concepts and recent developments in themes such as
national regimes, types of environmental goods, trade rules and
environmental policies, eco-innovation policy, government-business
cooperation, the role of citizen-consumers in environmental
politics, and governance in developing countries. They also present
various societal perspectives, including the role of businesses and
non-governmental organisations. Eight original case studies address
global influences on domestic environmental policies and government
participation in international and supranational fora. The Handbook
concludes with innovative and challenging views on the future role
of national governments in global environmental governance.
Including contributions from leading authorities in academia,
government, and business, this comprehensive new Handbook provides
an insightful overview of the powerful effect of globalisation on
national environmental policy. The depth and scope of the work will
ensure a broad and varied readership, including academics,
students, and policymakers in the fields of governance,
environmental politics and law, international relations, and
political science.
Dit boek (hardcover) is onderdeel van de TREDITION CLASSICS serie.
De makers van deze serie zijn verbonden door hun passie voor
literatuur en gedreven met de bedoeling om alle publieke domein
boeken weer gedrukte vorm beschikbaar te maken - wereldwijd. De
meeste geprinte TREDITION CLASSICS titels zijn al decennia
verdwenen uit de boekenkasten. Bij tredition geloven wij dat een
goed boek nooit uit de mode is en dat zijn waarde voor eeuwig is.
Deze boeken serie helpt bij het behouden van de literatuur
schatten. Het draagt bij in het behouden van prachtige
wereldliteratuur werken.
Financial crises have been pervasive for many years. Their
frequency in recent decades has been double that of the Bretton
Woods Period (1945-1971) and the Gold Standard Era (1880-1993),
comparable only to the period during the Great Depression.
Nevertheless, the financial crisis that started in the summer of
2007 came as a great surprise to most people. What initially was
seen as difficulties in the U.S. subprime mortgage market, rapidly
escalated and spilled over first to financial markets and then to
the real economy. The crisis changed the financial landscape
worldwide and its full costs are yet to be evaluated. One important
reason for the global impact of the 2007-2009 financial crisis was
massive illiquidity in combination with an extreme exposure of many
financial institutions to liquidity needs and market conditions. As
a consequence, many financial instruments could not be traded
anymore, investors ran on a variety of financial institutions
particularly in wholesale markets, financial institutions and
industrial firms started to sell assets at fire sale prices to
raise cash, and central banks all over the world injected huge
amounts of liquidity into financial systems. But what is liquidity
and why is it so important for firms and financial institutions to
command enough liquidity? This book brings together classic
articles and recent contributions to this important field of
research. It is divided into five parts. These are (i) liquidity
and interbank markets; (ii) the public provision of liquidity and
regulation; (iii) money, liquidity and asset prices; (iv) contagion
effects; (v) financial crises and currency crises. The aim is to
provide a comprehensive coverage of role of liquidity in financial
crises.
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Spinoza - Four Essays
William Angus Knight, Jan Pieter Nicolaas Land
|
R543
Discovery Miles 5 430
|
Out of stock
|
Financial crises have been pervasive for many years. Their
frequency in recent decades has been double that of the Bretton
Woods Period (1945-1971) and the Gold Standard Era (1880-1993),
comparable only to the period during the Great Depression.
Nevertheless, the financial crisis that started in the summer of
2007 came as a great surprise to most people. What initially was
seen as difficulties in the U.S. subprime mortgage market, rapidly
escalated and spilled over first to financial markets and then to
the real economy. The crisis changed the financial landscape
worldwide and its full costs are yet to be evaluated. One important
reason for the global impact of the 2007-2009 financial crisis was
massive illiquidity in combination with an extreme exposure of many
financial institutions to liquidity needs and market conditions. As
a consequence, many financial instruments could not be traded
anymore, investors ran on a variety of financial institutions
particularly in wholesale markets, financial institutions and
industrial firms started to sell assets at fire sale prices to
raise cash, and central banks all over the world injected huge
amounts of liquidity into financial systems. But what is liquidity
and why is it so important for firms and financial institutions to
command enough liquidity? This book brings together classic
articles and recent contributions to this important field of
research. It is divided into five parts. These are (i) liquidity
and interbank markets; (ii) the public provision of liquidity and
regulation; (iii) money, liquidity and asset prices; (iv) contagion
effects; (v) financial crises and currency crises. The aim is to
provide a comprehensive coverage of role of liquidity in financial
crises.
Dieses Buch setzt sich mit der verbreiteten Auffassung auseinander,
daB Sunk Costs fUr betriebswirtschaftliche Entscheidungssituationen
irrelevant seien. Nach dieser Ansicht stellen Sunk Costs in der
Vergangenheit begriindete und in der gegenwartigen
Entscheidungssituation unvermeidbare "Altlasten" dar. Fiir
zukunftsgerichtete Entscheidungen diirfen diese irreversiblen
Altlasten keine Bedeutung haben und sie sollen daher -- so wird
gefordert -- vernachlassigt werden. 1m Unterschied hierzu wird im
folgenden die fUr investitionsrechnerische Fragestellungen
zweckmaBige Planungsperspektive eingenommen. Die betrachtete
betriebswirtschaftliche Problemsituation liegt daher zeitlich noch
vor der Entscheidung, die das spatere Auftreten von irreversiblen
Altlasten begriindet. Sunk Costs treten aus der planerischen
Perspektive zukiinftig auf und die mit ihnen verbundenen besonderen
Probleme der Irreversibilitat entfalten sich erst wahrend der
spateren Durchfiihrung des Investitionsprojektes. Diese besonderen
Probleme konnen aber bereits in der Planungsphase antizipiert
werden. Anhand ausgewahlter Beispiele wird gezeigt, wie diese
Antizipation von Sunk Costs die Leistungsfiihigkeit
betriebswirtschaftlicher Investitionsrechnungen zu erhOhen vermag
und dabei den Zugang zu neuen finanzwirtschaftlichen
Fragestellungen eroffnet. Hierzu ziihlt insbesondere eine
okonomische Erklarung der Funktionsweise finanzwirtschaftlicher
Institutionen. Es wird dariiber hinaus der Begriff der Sunk Costs
prazisiert, in dem Vorschlage zu einer sinnvollen Messung ihrer
Hohe entwickelt werden. Nach einigen sprachlichen Verrenkungen habe
ich mich entschieden, den Begriff der "Sunk Costs" durchgangig mit
"versunkene Kosten" zu iibersetzen. Methodisch stellt die Studie
eine Anwendung der neueren Institutionenokonomik auf I
traditionelle I finanzwirtschaftliche Fragestellungen dar. Der
besondere Reiz und die besondere Relevanz dieses Ansatzes liegt in
einer Verkniipfung der Entscheidungstheorie unter Unsicherheit mit
den Problemen, die sich aufgrund von Interessenskonflikten zwischen
einzelnen Vertragsparteien ergeben.
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