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Holy Island is a small island just off the west coast of Anglesey,
North Wales, which is rich in archaeology of all periods. Between
2006 and 2010, archaeological excavations in advance of a major
Welsh Government development site, Parc Cybi, enabled extensive
study of the island's past. Over 20 hectares were investigated,
revealing a busy and complex archaeological landscape, which could
be seen evolving from the Mesolithic period through to the present
day. Major sites discovered include an Early Neolithic timber hall
aligned on an adjacent chambered tomb and an Iron Age settlement,
the development of which is traced by extensive dating and Bayesian
analysis. A Bronze Age ceremonial complex, along with the Neolithic
tomb, defined the cultural landscape for subsequent periods. A long
cist cemetery of a type common on Anglesey proved, uncommonly, to
be late Roman in date, while elusive Early Medieval settlement was
indicated by corn dryers. This wealth of new information has
revolutionised our understanding of how people have lived in, and
transformed, the landscape of Holy Island. Many of the sites are
also significant in a broader Welsh context and inform the
understanding of similar sites across Britain and Ireland.
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