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Using the experience from the United States on positive youth
development, researchers in Hong Kong developed the Project
P.A.T.H.S., trained the potential program implementers and
evaluated the developed programs. Because of the overwhelming
success of the project in Hong Kong, the project was piloted in
mainland China for several years. This project (supported by the
Tin Ka Ping Foundation) was piloted in four cities in East China
(Shanghai, Suzhou, Changzhou and Yangzhou) from 2011 to 2014. In
this book, we present the training program in mainland China and
also a leadership project for university students at The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University. The chapters underscore the importance of
evaluation, and we hope that the findings will motivate university
teachers and others to utilise positive youth development
principles within and outside of Hong Kong.
Young people are expected to learn academic or technical knowledge
in a manufacturing economy, which can be referred to as hard skills
(for example, to produce a car through assembly lines). In many
countries today, countries have been shifting from a manufacturing
economy to a service economy, which has resulted in young people
expecting to gain skills that are non-technical and widely
transferable to different settings. This skills are referred to as
soft skills, which are basically related to the qualities of an
individual. In this book, the authors include several chapters on
soft skills development in adolescents with particular reference to
Chinese culture. This book includes conclusions based on the data
collected from the third year of the community-based P.A.T.H.S.
Project in Hong Kong. It also discusses dreams, aspirations, hopes
and related constructs in Chinese adolescents. Additionally, the
authors also present chapters on the relationships between
pornography consumption and positive youth development qualities;
and the last few chapters document attempts to promote soft skills
in university students. With the emergence and consolidation of a
service or knowledge-based economy, the desired qualities in
adolescents have changed. Obviously, soft skills development plays
an important role in the employability of young people. It is also
vital to the complete development of young people as individuals in
the present and future.
Adolescent developmental issues are growing globally; studies show
that the percentage of adolescent mental health issues such as
depression and suicide continues to escalate. Adolescent addiction
problems such as substance abuse, pathological gambling and
Internet addiction are intensifying. Furthermore, interpersonal
problems such as violence and bullying have grown in different
forms, particularly in view of the growing development of social
media such as Facebook. In many studies, it was estimated that
around one-fifth of adolescents may require professional help
because of their psychosocial problems. In this book, the authors
present the first known scientific study on the psychosocial
development in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. A large sample was
used and validated measures of positive youth development, family
functioning, parent-child relational processes and adolescent risk
behaviour were included in the study.
With the conclusion of adolescence, a child develops into a
teenager that may experiment with dating, smoking and drinking, and
they may make important decisions without parental knowledge or
guidance. These teenagers may also engage in risky behaviour, which
may pose as a threat to their well-being and successful transition
into adulthood. With this in mind, how can we can prevent
adolescent risk behaviour? Traditionally, prevention scientists
propose three forms of prevention. Primarily, attempts to reduce
the harmful consequences of risk behaviour, such as treatment of
risk behaviour (ie: mental disorders or substance abuse) are ideal.
For some problematic behaviour which has already occurred, a better
approach is to identify those who are at-risk as early as possible
(ie: secondary prevention). For example, youth workers may identify
those who have suicidal ideation and intervene as early as possible
so that they will not harm themselves. In this book, the authors
assess whether a community-based program in Hong Kong was effective
in promoting adolescent development and explore what factors were
associated with the program effects. The authors hope that the
studies included in this book can help to reveal the successful
experience of the project and provide some pointers for the
development of programs for adolescents with greater psychosocial
needs.
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