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This book examines the politicisation of victims of terrorism and
the reality of the victimisation experience within the broader
field of terrorism and the resulting conflict. Victims of terrorism
are a unique group of individuals whose experience is overlooked in
the current literature on terrorism. Since 9/11, terrorism has
risen to global prominence and has become a key topic of interest
with regards to media attention and national security. As a result,
many European countries (as well as the USA) have had to take
active steps to protect and provide for the victims of terrorism,
particularly given the nature of victimisation post-3/11 (Madrid)
and 7/7 (London). Recently, we have also seen an increase in the
political currency of the terrorist victim; for example, the
lobbying activities and political involvement of the victims of ETA
terrorism and the exceptionally powerful lobby in the USA that sees
the involvement of victims of terrorism and their families in
policy-making and law-enforcement transformations. This book is
based on extensive field work in Northern Ireland, London and Spain
and presents the results, which focus on the needs and experiences
of victims of terrorism and political violence, and critically
analyses these findings comparatively and in their own right. The
aim is to assess the provision of support initiatives in Northern
Ireland, mainland UK and Spain and understand if victims' needs are
being met by these initiatives but most importantly to construct a
picture of the local and international interpretation of the
experience of victimisation by terrorism. This book will be of much
interest to students of terrorism and political violence,
victimology, criminology, security studies and IR.
This book examines the politicisation of victims of terrorism and
the reality of the victimisation experience within the broader
field of terrorism and the resulting conflict. Victims of terrorism
are a unique group of individuals whose experience is overlooked in
the current literature on terrorism. Since 9/11, terrorism has
risen to global prominence and has become a key topic of interest
with regards to media attention and national security. As a result,
many European countries (as well as the USA) have had to take
active steps to protect and provide for the victims of terrorism,
particularly given the nature of victimisation post-3/11 (Madrid)
and 7/7 (London). Recently, we have also seen an increase in the
political currency of the terrorist victim; for example, the
lobbying activities and political involvement of the victims of ETA
terrorism and the exceptionally powerful lobby in the USA that sees
the involvement of victims of terrorism and their families in
policy-making and law-enforcement transformations. This book is
based on extensive field work in Northern Ireland, London and Spain
and presents the results, which focus on the needs and experiences
of victims of terrorism and political violence, and critically
analyses these findings comparatively and in their own right. The
aim is to assess the provision of support initiatives in Northern
Ireland, mainland UK and Spain and understand if victims' needs are
being met by these initiatives but most importantly to construct a
picture of the local and international interpretation of the
experience of victimisation by terrorism. This book will be of much
interest to students of terrorism and political violence,
victimology, criminology, security studies and IR.
This book offers a theoretically informed analysis of how
coherently the European Union fights terrorism in the post-9/11
era. Few studies have looked at how the European Union has
transformed into a relevant international anti-terrorist actor.
Yet, as a reaction to the terrorist attacks in New York, Madrid and
London, the European Union has become increasingly active in the
field of counter-terrorism. It has acted to coordinate member
states' policies, to harmonise national legislation, and even to
support operational work conducted by national authorities. The
EU's reaction to the threat of transnational terrorism has been
complex and multidimensional, ranging from the exchange of
information between police and intelligence agencies to judicial
cooperation, and from infrastructure protection to the fight
against terrorist recruitment and financing. This book offers a
comprehensive empirical account of the polity, policy and politics
of EU counter-terrorism, based on an analysis of academic
literature, official documents, and about fifty interviews with
policy-makers, experts and practitioners carried out at EU
institutions (i.e. Commission, Council, Eurojust, Europol),
Permanent Representations of the EU Member States and national
capitals. This book will be of much interest to students of
counter-terrorism, EU politics, security studies and IR in general.
This book offers a theoretically informed analysis of how
coherently the European Union fights terrorism in the post-9/11
era. Few studies have looked at how the European Union has
transformed into a relevant international anti-terrorist actor.
Yet, as a reaction to the terrorist attacks in New York, Madrid and
London, the European Union has become increasingly active in the
field of counter-terrorism. It has acted to coordinate member
states' policies, to harmonise national legislation, and even to
support operational work conducted by national authorities. The
EU's reaction to the threat of transnational terrorism has been
complex and multidimensional, ranging from the exchange of
information between police and intelligence agencies to judicial
cooperation, and from infrastructure protection to the fight
against terrorist recruitment and financing. This book offers a
comprehensive empirical account of the polity, policy and politics
of EU counter-terrorism, based on an analysis of academic
literature, official documents, and about fifty interviews with
policy-makers, experts and practitioners carried out at EU
institutions (i.e. Commission, Council, Eurojust, Europol),
Permanent Representations of the EU Member States and national
capitals. This book will be of much interest to students of
counter-terrorism, EU politics, security studies and IR in general.
This volume examines how both victims and perpetrators of terrorism
are relevant to our understanding of political violence. While the
perpetrators of political violence have been the subject of
significant academic research, victims of terrorism and political
violence have rarely featured in this landscape. In an effort to
capture the vast complexity of terrorism, and to widen the scope of
the agenda that informs terrorism research, this book presents a
series of analyses that examines the role of the perpetrators, the
experience of the victims, the public and media perceptions of
both, and given the inherent intricacy of the phenomenon, how we
might think about engaging with perpetrators in an effort to
prevent further violence. By considering the role of the many
actors who are central to our understanding and framing of
terrorism and political violence, this book highlights the need to
focus on how the interactivity of individuals and contexts have
implications for the emergence, maintenance and termination of
campaigns of political violence. The volume aims to understand not
only how former perpetrators and victims can work in preventing
violence in a number of contexts but, more broadly, the narratives
that support and oppose violence, the construction of
victimisation, the politicisation of victimhood, the justifications
for violence and the potential for preventing and encouraging
desistance from violence. This book will be of much interest to
students of terrorism and political violence, victimology,
criminology, security studies and IR in general.
The Treaty on the European Union stipulates that one of the key
objectives of the Union is to provide citizens with a high level of
safety within an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Given that
the fight against terrorism is a prominent aspect of this general
objective, it is remarkable that, in spite of its political
relevance and decade-long history, it has only relatively recently
received due attention in the academic community. Yet an analysis
of the successes and failures of the EU's involvement in this field
is imperative and this is a particularly pertinent moment to take
stock of progress. The goal of this book is therefore to look back
at the post-9/11 period and answer the question of whether, when it
comes to the measures taken to combat terrorism following these
attacks, the EU has lived up to the promise made in its founding
treaties. In pursuing this goal, this volume presents the views of
leading experts casting a critical eye over the EU's performance,
recognising achievements but also being suitably critical when the
realities did not match the European rhetoric. In doing this, the
book makes a significant contribution not only to the scholarly
investigation of European Union policies, but also to the study of
counter-terrorism in general. This book was published as a special
issue of Intelligence and National Security.
The Treaty on the European Union stipulates that one of the key
objectives of the Union is to provide citizens with a high level of
safety within an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Given that
the fight against terrorism is a prominent aspect of this general
objective, it is remarkable that, in spite of its political
relevance and decade-long history, it has only relatively recently
received due attention in the academic community. Yet an analysis
of the successes and failures of the EU's involvement in this field
is imperative and this is a particularly pertinent moment to take
stock of progress. The goal of this book is therefore to look back
at the post-9/11 period and answer the question of whether, when it
comes to the measures taken to combat terrorism following these
attacks, the EU has lived up to the promise made in its founding
treaties. In pursuing this goal, this volume presents the views of
leading experts casting a critical eye over the EU's performance,
recognising achievements but also being suitably critical when the
realities did not match the European rhetoric. In doing this, the
book makes a significant contribution not only to the scholarly
investigation of European Union policies, but also to the study of
counter-terrorism in general. This book was published as a special
issue of Intelligence and National Security.
This volume examines how both victims and perpetrators of terrorism
are relevant to our understanding of political violence. While the
perpetrators of political violence have been the subject of
significant academic research, victims of terrorism and political
violence have rarely featured in this landscape. In an effort to
capture the vast complexity of terrorism, and to widen the scope of
the agenda that informs terrorism research, this book presents a
series of analyses that examines the role of the perpetrators, the
experience of the victims, the public and media perceptions of
both, and given the inherent intricacy of the phenomenon, how we
might think about engaging with perpetrators in an effort to
prevent further violence. By considering the role of the many
actors who are central to our understanding and framing of
terrorism and political violence, this book highlights the need to
focus on how the interactivity of individuals and contexts have
implications for the emergence, maintenance and termination of
campaigns of political violence. The volume aims to understand not
only how former perpetrators and victims can work in preventing
violence in a number of contexts but, more broadly, the narratives
that support and oppose violence, the construction of
victimisation, the politicisation of victimhood, the justifications
for violence and the potential for preventing and encouraging
desistance from violence. This book will be of much interest to
students of terrorism and political violence, victimology,
criminology, security studies and IR in general.
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