This volume examines the foreign policy transition from George W. Bush to Barack H. Obama in relation to the countries of the Americas. In this work, contributors consider the major defining features of their respective policies in dealing with security-related issues. Specifically, they examine whether major differences or continuities truly exist between the foreign policies of Bush and Obama, especially given the perception of American decline. The volume highlights Obama's foreign policy in the Americas, focusing on issue areas that threaten international security, such as drug trafficking, organized crime, and terrorism. This work provides both theoretical and policy insights for academics and policy analysts interested in foreign affairs.

This book discusses the ethical dilemmas of migration in the era of globalization. Centered on the recent influx of large numbers of migrants and refugees to the United States and Europe and viewed through the lens of the 2016 World Humanitarian Summit and the United Nations Summit on Refugees and Migrants, this book focuses on the problems posed by globalized migration and analyzes proposed responses. Using prominent ethical theories and moral principles, such as Utilitarianism, duty, justice, and integrity, the book proposes a framework for analyzing decision-making by migrants and policymakers and formulating equitable policies to address the migration crisis. Drawing attention to the ethical dilemmas that migrants and policymakers experience, this book fills a gap in the literature and enriches it, adding to the economic, political, and human rights issues that are traditionally part of the migration discussion. Appropriate for students and scholars of ethics, policy, and political science, this book is also meant to be of use to practitioners and decision-makers faced with similar decisions.

Public Administration in the Global Village offers a global and comparative approach to the study of public administration. It examines the ongoing international changes in the field of public administration; it defines the emerging new world order and the promises and challenges that it holds for public administration; and it stipulates the effects and side effects of these changes on developing countries. The volume seeks to promote a global and comparative perspective on public administration to counter the continuing parochialism and ethnocentrism in the field.

The demographic pressure caused by migration offers a considerable challenge for urban centers today. It results in an uneven development of the community and focus of urban planners becomes how to provide decent, low-cost housing and transportation in order to facilitate the integration of poorer residents among the rest of the community. In large industrialized countriesthe challenges of urban policy-makers are made even more complicated since these governments depend on state or federal legislators to obtain the massive amounts of funding required for adequately addressing these local issues that are in global cause. The book analyzes the strategies for urban development in Leipzig, Germany, and shows how civic leaders were able to harmonize planning and equity. They relied heavily on two interesting approaches in that process: the promotion of culture as a key component of urban development and the reconciliation of the inevitable process of gentrification with social equity. The book also looks at the globalization aspect of urban development, reviews research in social equity in urban development in Europe and the United States and describes sustainability as an important element of urban renaissance. "

This volume examines drug policies and the role of cooperation in the Americas. Many current and former politicians have discussed the failures of the war on drugs and the need for alternative approaches. Uruguay as well as Colorado and Washington have legalized marijuana. The Organization of American states produced a report in 2013 which discussed alternative policy options to the drug war. This work examines the nature of cooperation and drug policies in the twenty-first century in the Americas, highlighting the major challenges and obstacles. The argument is that one country cannot solve drug trafficking as it is a transnational problem. Therefore, the producing, consuming, and transit countries must work together and cooperate.

The Leipzig Model describes how civil servants in Leipzig, a city in the former East Germany, cope with the challenges stemming from the uneven economic conditions that continue to exist after the reunification. The analysis reviews a series of recent successes achieved by the managerial leaders of Leipzig who have been able to compete and excel in comparison with civil servants in Western Germany and the bureaucracies of several other European Union countries. The book also investigates the local "civic culture" that is behind the driving forces of the city's leaders. Leipzig's "local political culture" is outlined and its key elements are defined. In addition to examining the professional strength of the city's civil servants, the book analyzes the strategies being used by the mayor and city managers of Leipzig to achieve such successes and compares these strategies to some current organizational theories and models.

The Americas face many security challenges, including drug trafficking, organized crime, guerrilla movements, terrorism, and environmental challenges. Experts have long debated whether some countries in the region can be classified as failed states. While various states in the Americas have been labeled as failed states, calling a country a failed state is quite controversial and requires a precise definition of what constitutes a failed state. This book instead discusses fragile states in the Americas. Fragile states are weak states that are fertile grounds for organized crime groups and illegal actors as such groups are able to infiltrate the state apparatus through corruption. The goal of this book is to examine fragile states in the region and the major security challenges that these states face. The cause of state fragility is different for various states. Theoretically, the work will conceptualize the meaning of fragility as it relates to state survival and autonomy. Empirically, the book focuses on contemporary threats to the survival of fragile states in the Americas. The book explains and analyzes the main political, security, and economic challenges of these states. It employs a wide array of cases that delve into the security and economic threats and priorities of states in the Americas.

This book analyzes the state of the bureaucracy in the eastern part of Germany prior to reunification and discusses changes that occurred after 1990. The contributors review the impact of these changes on the bureaucracy and other sectors of society where a new ethic seems to have emerged, guiding practitioners involved in restructuring East German institutions. Issues discussed include: the performance of the administrative structures, the transformation of the Eastern German university system, the various affirmative action policies implemented after 1990, compensation to victims of abuses by the former socialist regime, changes in public relations policy after 1990, and an ethic guiding the models of restructuring institutions for industrialized and developing countries.

This book examines the position held by most development administrators that citizen participation in the planning and management of development projects is crucial to their lasting success. The contributors view inadequate participation as part of the larger problem of ineffective management, policies, and planning. They show that development obje

The demographic pressure caused by migration offers a considerable challenge for urban centers today. It results in an uneven development of the community and focus of urban planners becomes how to provide decent, low-cost housing and transportation in order to facilitate the integration of poorer residents among the rest of the community. In large industrialized countries the challenges of urban policy-makers are made even more complicated since these governments depend on state or federal legislators to obtain the massive amounts of funding required for adequately addressing these local issues that are in global cause. The book analyzes the strategies for urban development in Leipzig, Germany, and shows how civic leaders were able to harmonize planning and equity. They relied heavily on two interesting approaches in that process: the promotion of culture as a key component of urban development and the reconciliation of the inevitable process of gentrification with social equity. The book also looks at the globalization aspect of urban development, reviews research in social equity in urban development in Europe and the United States and describes sustainability as an important element of urban renaissance.

This book examines the position held by most development administrators that citizen participation in the planning and management of development projects is crucial to their lasting success. The contributors view inadequate participation as part of the larger problem of ineffective management, policies, and planning. They show that development obje

This volume examines drug policies and the role of cooperation in the Americas. Many current and former politicians have discussed the failures of the war on drugs and the need for alternative approaches. Uruguay as well as Colorado and Washington have legalized marijuana. The Organization of American states produced a report in 2013 which discussed alternative policy options to the drug war. This work examines the nature of cooperation and drug policies in the twenty-first century in the Americas, highlighting the major challenges and obstacles. The argument is that one country cannot solve drug trafficking as it is a transnational problem. Therefore, the producing, consuming, and transit countries must work together and cooperate.

This volume examines the foreign policy transition from George W. Bush to Barack H. Obama in relation to the countries of the Americas. In this work, contributors consider the major defining features of their respective policies in dealing with security-related issues. Specifically, they examine whether major differences or continuities truly exist between the foreign policies of Bush and Obama, especially given the perception of American decline. The volume highlights Obama's foreign policy in the Americas, focusing on issue areas that threaten international security, such as drug trafficking, organized crime, and terrorism. This work provides both theoretical and policy insights for academics and policy analysts interested in foreign affairs.