Refractive surgery is eye surgery to improve the refractive state of the eye and reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses. The most common type of refractive surgery uses lasers to reshape the curvature of the cornea. This book is a practical guide to the latest advances in refractive surgery procedures. Beginning with an introduction to the evolution of refractive surgery, the next section discusses pre-operative workup, patient evaluation, and decision making. The following sections cover different refractive procedures including corneal ablative, refractive lenticule extraction, lens-based surgeries, enhancements and retreatments, and presbyopia (a condition associated with aging). The final section covers a selection of miscellaneous topics such as bioptics, collagen cross-linking, intracorneal ring segments, incisional surgery, and challenging scenarios. Each section is highly illustrated and provides in depth detail on machines and laser platforms, surgical techniques, outcomes, and potential complications and their management. Key points Practical guide to latest advances in refractive surgery Covers numerous different procedures In depth detail on techniques, outcomes, equipment and complications Highly illustrated with clinical photographs and figures

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) is a relatively new refractive procedure designed to treat a multitude of refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, and astigmatism. The procedure involves using a femtosecond laser to create a corneal lenticule which is extracted whole through a small incision without the use of a traditional excrimer laser. It is a painless procedure and is reported to achieve excellent post-operative outcomes (American Academy of Ophthalmology). This book is a complete guide to the new technique of SMILE surgery providing refractive surgeons with an overview of surgical procedure, refractive and physiological outcomes, complications and their management, and future applications. Beginning with an introduction to the history and development of femtosecond lasers, the next chapters discuss patient selection and the principles of the technique. The following sections cover outcomes, complications, and offer a comparison between SMILE and Femtosecond LASIK. The book features an interactive DVD ROM offering step by step guidance on surgical technique, and is highly illustrated with self-explanatory diagrams, clinical photographs and ASOCT images. Key points Complete guide to SMILE techniques for refractive surgeons Step by step guide to surgical procedure, outcomes, complications and future applications Includes interactive DVD ROM demonstrating surgical techniques Highly illustrated with diagrams, photographs and ASOCT images