An unbiased examination of profiling in the criminal justice system-one of the most hotly contested public policy issues-on the streets, in the courts, and in the jails and prisons of America. In the post-9/11 world, profiling by law enforcement has become "standard operating procedure." Profiling by prosecutors, judges, and corrections officers is pervasive in other criminal justice contexts as well. Is profiling actually effective in preventing crime or identifying likely offenders and therefore justifiable? This accessible, single-volume reference book examines profiling as it pertains to the criminal justice system in the United States, providing non-partisan information that illuminates the full scope of the profiling issue and discusses the possible impact of profiling on all American citizens. Addressing this highly controversial topic holistically, the book considers questions such as whether the criminal justice system in the United States unfairly targets minorities, how the rights of minorities can be protected while enabling law enforcement to use every resource available, and whether justification for profiling techniques exists. This work will serve students at the high school and college level as well as general readers who are interested in criminal justice issues and issues relating to equality and fairness before the bar of justice. Presents essays from scholars in the field on both sides of the debate to provide fair and objective information that allow readers to consider the interests of equality and fairness on one side versus public safety and crime fighting on the other Examines profiling along a wide range of variables-race, religion, gender, and sexual orientation-rather than addressing only racial profiling Covers more recent events in profiling such as Arizona SB 1070, the "Stop and Frisk" policy in New York City, and the TSA's profiling of Muslims as well as older cases such as Whren vs. United States Provides summaries and analyses of key court cases relating to the permissibility and impermissibility of profiling

With the War on Terror in full swing, the government's involvement in and influence over law enforcement has changed and, in some cases, expanded. While police forces remain under the jurisdiction of the cities and states they patrol, federal agencies have taken on a wider role in combating and prosecuting crime. Agencies such as the FBI, the DEA, the ATF, and now the Department of Homeland Security have wide and varied responsibilities and powers in combating both terrorism and other crimes. But this wasn't always the case. This timely book examines the history of American federal law enforcement as well as its current state in all of its forms. The complex system of agencies, agents, and laws that make up our federal law enforcement program have a long and varied history. Bumgarner looks at the issue of federal police powers and explores how the U.S. Supreme Court and lower courts have interpreted the constitutional limits on those powers. He introduces the reader to the many agencies that make up the federal law enforcement community and the jurisdiction and responsibilities of each, as well as the role federal public policy plays in the criminal justice system. Finally, he reviews emerging trends in federal law enforcement, including the expanding domestic effort against terrorism. Readers of this insightful book will unfailingly come away with a better understanding of the history and inner workings of federal law enforcement.

This work is the first nontechnical guide to the principles, practices, policies, and profession of emergency management. The monumental natural and humanmade disasters of the 20th century, which killed 25 million people in Asia alone, have underscored the need for professional and coordinated disaster response worldwide. This book examines the profession and practice of emergency management in the United States, at the United Nations, and around the globe. Emergency Management explores the history and development of the discipline from the first federal disaster relief proclamation in 1803 to the present day. It also analyzes current debates over when and how emergency resources are best utilized, and the laws and public policies that govern emergencies. An essential source for secondary and college students, and for all citizens who want to understand emergency preparedness. Numerous primary source documents include key legislation as well as FEMA policies and publications A chronology lists major disasters in the United States along with key emergency management developments

This book provides a comprehensive and evenhanded summary of historical and contemporary perspectives on ideological extremism in law enforcement and its wider impacts on American society. A mix of narrative overview, biographies, essay perspectives, and a helpful guide to other resources to facilitate understanding of the contemporary problem of extremism in American law enforcement. Written by experts in the criminal justice field, the authors draw from various sources to highlight for the reader the extent, motivations, causes, and dangers of ideological extremism in the ranks of America's police, from the smallest towns to the biggest cities. In addition, it discusses reforms that have been proposed—and in some cases implemented—to combat the problem, including measures introduced in other countries. Providing wide-ranging, even-handed, and comprehensive coverage, this one-stop resource contains everything students need to know to understand the issue's many dimensions—as well as the ramifications of extremism in the police ranks of the American communities that police officers are sworn to serve and protect.

Immigration: Law, Politics, and Crime provides students with a balanced collection of readings that reflect various perspectives on immigration, the politics of immigration, and the question of immigration's relationship to crime. Devoid of overt ideology, the anthology challenges readers to consider multiple viewpoints and think critically about these complex and timely issues. Over the course of nine chapters, students read articles and essays regarding immigration and growing diversity, who should control U.S. immigration policy, immigration enforcement programs and their effect on immigrant communities, and sanctuary cities. Additional readings address the avenues available for legal immigration and permanent resident status, divergent perspectives on the relationship between immigration and crime, and views on immigration and terrorism. The final chapter discusses immigration and elections, including readings about whether non-citizens vote in U.S. elections and the negative shift in presidential immigration rhetoric. Offering students a thought-provoking and multi-perspective reader on a timely issue for the United States, Immigration is an excellent supplementary resource for courses in criminal justice and political science, especially those with focus on immigration policy.