A revealing look at the changing role of churches in the decades after the American Revolution. Most Americans today would not think of their local church as a site for arbitration and would probably be hesitant to bring their property disputes, moral failings, or personal squabbles to their kin and neighbors for judgment. But from the Revolutionary Era through the mid-nineteenth century, many Protestants imbued local churches with immense authority. Through their ritual practice of discipline, churches insisted that brethren refrain from suing each other before "infidels" at local courts and claimed jurisdiction over a range of disputes: not only moral issues such as swearing, drunkenness, and adultery but also matters more typically considered to be under the purview of common law and courts of equity, including disputes over trespass, land, probate, slave warranty, and theft. In Law in American Meetinghouses, Jeffrey Thomas Perry explores the ways that ordinary Americans-Black and white, enslaved and free-understood and created law in their local communities, uncovering a vibrant marketplace of authority in which church meetinghouses played a central role in maintaining their neighborhoods' social peace. Churches were once prominent sites for the creation of local law and in this period were a primary arena in which civil and religious authority collided and shaped one another. When church discipline failed, the wronged parties often pushed back, and their responses highlight the various forces that ultimately hindered that venue's ability to effectively arbitrate disputes between members. Relying primarily on a deep reading of church records and civil case files, Perry examines how legal transformations, an expanding market economy, and religious controversy led churchgoers to reimagine their congregations' authority. By the 1830s, unable to resolve doctrinal quibbles within the fellowship, church factions turned to state courts to secure control over their meetinghouses, often demanding that judges wade into messy ecclesiastical disputes. Tracking changes in disciplinary rigor in Kentucky Baptist churches from that state's frontier period through 1845, and looking beyond statutes and court decrees, Law in American Meetinghouses is a fresh take on church-state relations. Ultimately, it highlights an oft-forgotten way that Americans subtly repositioned religious institutions alongside state authority.

In this era of globalization, International Law plays a significant role in facing rapid development of various legal issues. Cultural preservation has emerged as an important legal issue that should be considered by States. This book consists of academic papers presented and discussed during the 9th International Conference of the Centre of International Law Studies (9th CILS Conference) held in Malang, Indonesia, 2-3 October 2018. The title of the book represents the major theme of the conference: "Culture and International Law." It is argued that along with globalization, cultural preservation is slowly ignored by States. Various papers presented in the book cover five topics: cultural heritage; cultural rights; culture and economic activity; culture and armed conflict; and a general topic. The authors of the papers are outstanding academics from various countries, Lithuania, United States of America, Australia, Thailand and Indonesia. The conference was organized by Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with Brawijaya University. This book aims to give a useful contribution to the existing literature on International Law, specifically focussing on cultural issues from the perspective of cultural heritage and rights, economic as well as armed conflict.

In this era of globalization, International Law plays a significant role in facing rapid development of various legal issues. Cultural preservation has emerged as an important legal issue that should be considered by States. This book consists of academic papers presented and discussed during the 9th International Conference of the Centre of International Law Studies (9th CILS Conference) held in Malang, Indonesia, 2-3 October 2018. The title of the book represents the major theme of the conference: "Culture and International Law." It is argued that along with globalization, cultural preservation is slowly ignored by States. Various papers presented in the book cover five topics: cultural heritage; cultural rights; culture and economic activity; culture and armed conflict; and a general topic. The authors of the papers are outstanding academics from various countries, Lithuania, United States of America, Australia, Thailand and Indonesia. The conference was organized by Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with Brawijaya University. This book aims to give a useful contribution to the existing literature on International Law, specifically focussing on cultural issues from the perspective of cultural heritage and rights, economic as well as armed conflict.

The first book of its kind, this discography covers the history of steel band and pan music on recordings from their beginnings. In more than 775 entries, it comprises all known recordings on phonograph records, cassettes, and compact disks in which one or more steel pans is featured or used in an accompanying role. This includes steel bands of any size and configuration, pan soloists, and small ensembles in a variety of settings. For each entry, information is provided on the location of the recording session/studio, release date, record company catalog number, and complete contents. Indexes facilitate access to artists, arrangers/conductors/musical directors, record titles, years of release, and compositions; and appendices provide additional information on record manufacturers and distributors, calypsonians, and sources. A reference bibliography completes the work. The creation, teaching, and performance of most of othe pan music of the past belongs to an oral tradition. There is therefore little written preservation of this work and audio recordings often provide the only documentation of the art of many gifted composers, arrangers, performers, and tuners. These recordings constitute a primary source of information regarding past performance practices, evolving playing styles and techniques, and pan tuning innovations. While serving as a guide for locating these recordings, this discography also will function as a research tool to aid researchers into many other aspects of the steel pan movement. As such, it will be a valuable resource for scholars, performing artists, educators, instrument builders, composers, arrangers, and enthusiasts.

Disney princesses Ariel and Jasmine create their own paths this Deluxe Step 2 Step into Reading leveled reader featuring two stories in one!

Princess Ariel from Disney The Little Mermaid needs to get medicine for her sister, but it can only be found in a deep, dark part of the sea. Princess Jasmine from Disney Aladdin wants to help the people of her kingdom, but her father and Jafar want her to stay within the palace walls and be a proper princess instead. This Step 2 Deluxe Step into Reading leveled reader features two books in one, plus a special poster! It’s perfect for children ages 4 to 6.

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"Concrete is a construction material composed of cement as well as other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate, water, and chemical admixtures. Concrete is used more than any other man-made material in the world. This book presents current research on a wide variety of materials that enhance the properties and performance of concrete as well as new recycling technologies. Research is presented on the potential of using of recycled gypsum in cementitious products. Concrete encasements are also used in the storage of radionuclide waste and research is included on the long-term performance of concrete wasteforms. Problems that occur with the oxidation of steel in reinforced concrete structures, which poses serious durability problems, are addressed and the maintenance of these structures, which requires costly-to-rectify solutions are looked at. This book also presents results of tests using Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer bars as a potential alternative material to the traditional steel.