This book analyzes the revenues from the creation of currency by a central government. Adopting an institutional perspective, it develops a general theory of seigniorage by identifying three monetary regimes in economic history and the history of economic thought: a commodity currency, a fiat currency and a credit currency regime. As such it provides a modern analytical framework to analyze the nature of revenues from the creation of currency and their optimal height, whether currency is issued by means of minting coins, by printing and spending paper notes, by crediting private entities, or combinations thereof. The results of this analysis stretch beyond the immediate topic. The book establishes a relationship between the theory of seigniorage and government debt, the theory of the interest rate, the optimal rate of inflation, or the effectiveness and inflationary limits of outright monetary transactions.

Your ultimate guide to carving, painting and decorating pumpkins for your home, complete with tips and recipes for getting the most out of your pumpkin all season long. From playful and whimsical pumpkins that will liven up Halloween, Day of the Dead or Thanksgiving parties to sophisticated and elegant designs that will bring autumnal charm to your home all season long, you'll find projects to suit every style and taste. Divided and organised into helpful sections, you'll find: A guide to the tools, tips and techniques that will help you achieve the best results Pumpkin carving projects, for transforming your pumpkins and seasonal gourds into show-stopping jack-o-lanterns Pumpkin painting projects, for transforming your pumpkin with a lick of paint, no sharp objects required Pumpkin dressing projects, for turning your pumpkin into an original creation with glue, tape and other odds and ends And recipes, for using every part of the pumpkin to create delicious meals and tasty snacks Each project features easy-to-follow instructions, whilst beautiful photographs throughout will give you all the inspiration you need. And handy templates at the back of the book can be copied and used again and again for perfect results every time.

Stitch will offer contemporary designs and creative projects for the modern maker with a discernible eye for aesthetics, with a focus on customisable makes, stunning fabric inspiration, easy-to-follow instructions and beautifully graphic photography. The book will cover the basic techniques of sewing with all projects achievable either by using a sewing machine or by hand (and a little more time!), and with no overly complicated techniques. Each project will be photographed and some will be accompanied by step-by-step images to help guide you through more intricate instructions. With makes including reusable fabric bowl covers, pretty pot holders and scrunchies made from off cuts, as well as projects to up-cycle old bed linen or use up scraps of fabric left from other designs in the book, anyone from beginner to intermediate will find projects to love in this modern makers handbook. Explore modern sewing and learn to perfect your stitch.