The major socio-political changes of the last decades have led to changing ways of being national, changes in the content of national identity if not in the national categories themselves. This comparative social scientific volume takes examples of transitions to democracy (East Europe, Spain) to peace (South Africa, Israel, Northern Ireland) and to territorial decentralization (the United Kingdom, France, Spain), showing in each case how socio-political change and identity change have interlocked. It defines a typology of national identity shift, tracing the changing state forms which provoke national identity shift, and analyzing the process of identity change, its motivations and legitimations. Collecting together a wide range of examples, from South Africa to the Czech Republic from the Basque Country to the Mexican and Irish borders; the book brings together an interdisciplinary group of scholars, from world figures in the study of globalization and social identity to young researchers, to provide a much needed theoretical clarification and empirical evidence of types of national identity shift.

Collection of six feature films from director Christopher Nolan. In 'Memento' (2000) Leonard Shelby (Guy Pearce) is suffering from acute short-term memory loss and is unable to remember anything for more than a few minutes at a time. This makes things very difficult when his one mission in life is to track down his wife's killer who escaped from the scene of the crime. 'Batman Begins' (2005) explores the origins of the Batman legend and the Dark Knight's emergence as a force for good in Gotham. In the wake of his parents' murder, disillusioned industrial heir Bruce Wayne (Christian Bale) travels the world seeking the means to fight injustice and turn fear against those who prey on the fearful. He returns to Gotham and unveils his alter-ego: Batman, a masked crusader who uses his strength, intellect and an array of high-tech deceptions to fight the sinister forces that threaten the city. In 'The Prestige' (2006) Rupert Angier (Hugh Jackman) and Alfred Borden (Bale) are London-based magicians of the highest order, both blessed with spectacular powers of deception and both cursed with unrelenting envy for one another's skills. When Alfred performs an awe-inspiring trick for which there seems no logical explanation, the friendly competition shared between the pair turns to deadly rivalry as the enraged Rupert determines to uncover his rival's deepest secrets. 'The Dark Knight' (2008), sequel to 'Batman Begins', sees Gotham's hero squaring-up to a new kid on the block - psychotic prankster The Joker (Heath Ledger, in the role that won him a posthumous Oscar for Best Supporting Actor). In the space of a year, Batman, aided by Commissioner Gordon (Gary Oldman) and new District Attorney Harvey Dent (Aaron Eckhart), has managed to rid Gotham's streets of the organised crime gangs that once ravaged the city. Things seem to be looking up, although on the personal front, Bruce Wayne discovers he has a rival in his affections for main squeeze Rachel Dawes (Maggie Gyllenhaal) in the shape of the new D.A., who, as a political climber, likes to keep his cards close to his chest. But just when the authorities think they're finally making progress in their fight against crime, the appearance on the streets of a sinister new figure, with a demented grin and a passion for chaos, causes panic among the good people of Gotham, and leads to a battle of wits between Batman and The Joker which threatens to get extremely personal. In 'Inception' (2010) Dom Cobb (Leonardo DiCaprio) is a professional thief with a difference: the spoils he goes after are not material objects but the thoughts, dreams and secrets buried in the minds of other people. This rare talent has cost him dear, rendering him a solitary fugitive stripped of everything he ever really cared about. When he is offered a chance for redemption by reversing the process and planting an idea rather than stealing it, he and his team of specialists find themselves pitted against a dangerous enemy that appears to pre-empt their every move. Finally, 'The Dark Knight Rises' (2012), the final film in Nolan's Batman trilogy, set eight years on from the events of 'The Dark Knight', sees Batman returning to save Gotham City from the evil clutches of brutal terrorist Bane (Tom Hardy) and his enigmatic sidekick, Selina Kyle (Anne Hathaway). However, Batman's ability to act as an avenging angel is curtailed by the fact that he is now on Gotham City Police Department's Most Wanted list, having assumed responsibility for the crimes of deceased District Attorney Harvey Dent.

Unions and unionisms are important because they offer an alternative form of politics to that of nation-states and nationalisms. They allow a wider variety of relations between a plurality of peoples, opening prospects of resolving territorial politics. But unionisms, as state- or polity-centred perspectives, are also typically power-centred, often using the resources of the polity to resist assertion by their members, thereby turning democratic challenges into secessionist ones. Unionisms in Times of Change: Brexit, Britain and the Balkans focusses on these two faces of unionisms: the flexible alternative to the nation state, and the assertor of central power. This book is particularly timely at a period when the unions of the British Isles and of Europe have been disrupted by the process of British exit from the European Union, creating new dilemmas and options for unionisms in Northern Ireland. The chapters in this volume map the conceptual structure of unionisms; the ways unions are defined and defended in Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom, the European Union, the Balkans and Moldova; the ways they deal with challenge, conflict and change; the prospects of negotiation; the ways unionisms move from flexibility and accommodation to repression and back; and the opportunities for agreement and conflict resolution. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Irish Political Studies.

Comedy starring Uma Thurman. Rafi (Thurman) is a 37-year-old photographer who meets David (Bryan Greenberg), a 23-year-old painter fresh out of college. There's an instant attraction between them, but will the 14-year age gap prove insurmountable? And what about the demands of David's overbearing mother, Lisa (Meryl Streep), who also happens to be Rafi's therapist?

Unions and unionisms are important because they offer an alternative form of politics to that of nation-states and nationalisms. They allow a wider variety of relations between a plurality of peoples, opening prospects of resolving territorial politics. But unionisms, as state- or polity-centred perspectives, are also typically power-centred, often using the resources of the polity to resist assertion by their members, thereby turning democratic challenges into secessionist ones. Unionisms in Times of Change: Brexit, Britain and the Balkans focusses on these two faces of unionisms: the flexible alternative to the nation state, and the assertor of central power. This book is particularly timely at a period when the unions of the British Isles and of Europe have been disrupted by the process of British exit from the European Union, creating new dilemmas and options for unionisms in Northern Ireland. The chapters in this volume map the conceptual structure of unionisms; the ways unions are defined and defended in Northern Ireland, the United Kingdom, the European Union, the Balkans and Moldova; the ways they deal with challenge, conflict and change; the prospects of negotiation; the ways unionisms move from flexibility and accommodation to repression and back; and the opportunities for agreement and conflict resolution. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Irish Political Studies.

The role of external powers and international bodies in efforts to break patterns of conflict and to install stable and durable peace settlements is well known. This book focuses on an unusual case where the sovereign state and a neighbour state help broker an agreed settlement in a disputed and conflictual region. It analyses the roles of the British and Irish governments in pursuing political stability in Northern Ireland, a disputed region of the United Kingdom over which the Irish state has had a territorial claim.

The book focuses on the changes in the British state, whose writ extends over Northern Ireland, but also the Irish state, which surrendered a strong formal but ineffective claim to jurisdiction over Northern Ireland for the reality of a significant voice in its political future. These changes ultimately facilitated the process of settlement leading to the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, and the later transformation of institutions and political relations in Northern Ireland and between the UK and Ireland. It innovates by using a new oral archive of elite interviews built up over the past decade.

The authors of the various chapters address a range of dimensions in which these changes are reflected. These include new interpretations of the dynamics of the Northern Ireland conflict and in particular of the evolving British-Irish relationship, new perspectives on the positions of governments and parties, and new analyses of the contribution of cross-border contacts in two areas where consequences are likely to be indirect but profound: television broadcasting and business cooperation.

This book was published as a special issue of Irish Political Studies.

The role of external powers and international bodies in efforts to break patterns of conflict and to install stable and durable peace settlements is well known. This book focuses on an unusual case where the sovereign state and a neighbour state help broker an agreed settlement in a disputed and conflictual region. It analyses the roles of the British and Irish governments in pursuing political stability in Northern Ireland, a disputed region of the United Kingdom over which the Irish state has had a territorial claim. The book focuses on the changes in the British state, whose writ extends over Northern Ireland, but also the Irish state, which surrendered a strong formal but ineffective claim to jurisdiction over Northern Ireland for the reality of a significant voice in its political future. These changes ultimately facilitated the process of settlement leading to the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, and the later transformation of institutions and political relations in Northern Ireland and between the UK and Ireland. It innovates by using a new oral archive of elite interviews built up over the past decade. The authors of the various chapters address a range of dimensions in which these changes are reflected. These include new interpretations of the dynamics of the Northern Ireland conflict and in particular of the evolving British-Irish relationship, new perspectives on the positions of governments and parties, and new analyses of the contribution of cross-border contacts in two areas where consequences are likely to be indirect but profound: television broadcasting and business cooperation. This book was published as a special issue of Irish Political Studies.

Religion has regained political prominence in the twenty first century and not least for the manner in which it intersects with ethnicity. Many ethnic conflicts have a strong religious dimension, and religion appears as a powerful force for mobilisation, solidarity and violence. Religion and ethnicity can each act as a powerful base of identity, group formation and communal conflict. They can also overlap, with ethnic and religious boundaries coinciding, partially or completely, internally nested or intersecting. This volume maps the different forms of intersection: cases where religion is prioritised in private life and ethnicity in public, where each coexists in tension in political life, and where the distinctions reinforce each other with dynamic effects. It maps the different patterns with case studies and comparisons from Ireland, Northern Ireland, France, Zimbabwe, Ghana and Malaysia. It shows how ordinary people construct their solidarities and identities using both ethnic and religious resources. This opens up analysis of the socially transformative, as well as politically antagonistic, potential of religion in situations of ethnic division. This book was published as a special issue of Ethnopolitics.

This book explores everyday identity change and its role in transforming ethnic, national and religious divisions. It uses very extensive interviews in post-conflict Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in the early 21st century to compare the extent and the micro-level cultural logics of identity change. It widens comparisons to the Gard in France, and uses multiple methods to reconstruct the impact of identity innovation on social and political outcomes in the 2010s. It shows the irreducible causal importance of identity change for wider compromise after conflict. It speaks to those interested in Cultural Sociology, Politics, Conflict and Peace Studies, Nationalism, Religion, International Relations and European and Irish Studies.

Negotiating a Settlement in Northern Ireland: From Sunningdale to St Andrews uses original material from witness seminars, elite interviews, and archive documents to explore the shape taken by the Irish peace process, and in particular to analyse the manner in which successful stages of this were negotiated. Northern Ireland's Good Friday Agreement of 1998 marked the end a 30-year conflict that had witnessed more than 3,000 deaths, thousands of injuries, catastrophic societal damage, and large-scale economic dislocation. This book traces the roots of the Agreement over the decades, stretching back to the Sunningdale conference of 1973 and extending up to at least the St Andrews Agreement of 2006. It describes the changing relationship between parties to the conflict (nationalist and unionist groups within Northern Ireland, and the Irish and British governments) and identifies three dimensions of significant change: new ways of implementing the concept of sovereignty, growing acceptance of power sharing, and the steady emergence of substantial equality in the socio-economic, cultural, and political domains. As well as placing this in the context of an extensive social science literature, the book innovates by looking at the manner in which those most closely involved understood the process in which they were engaged. The authors reproduce testimonies from witness seminars and interviews involving central actors, including former prime ministers, ministers, senior officials, and political advisors. They conclude that the outcome was shaped by a distinctive interaction between the conscious planning of these elites and changing demographic and political realities that themselves were, in a symbiotic way, consequences of decisions made in earlier years. They also note the extent to which this settlement has come under pressure from new notions of sovereignty implicit in the Brexit process.

Religion has regained political prominence in the twenty first century and not least for the manner in which it intersects with ethnicity. Many ethnic conflicts have a strong religious dimension, and religion appears as a powerful force for mobilisation, solidarity and violence. Religion and ethnicity can each act as a powerful base of identity, group formation and communal conflict. They can also overlap, with ethnic and religious boundaries coinciding, partially or completely, internally nested or intersecting. This volume maps the different forms of intersection: cases where religion is prioritised in private life and ethnicity in public, where each coexists in tension in political life, and where the distinctions reinforce each other with dynamic effects. It maps the different patterns with case studies and comparisons from Ireland, Northern Ireland, France, Zimbabwe, Ghana and Malaysia. It shows how ordinary people construct their solidarities and identities using both ethnic and religious resources. This opens up analysis of the socially transformative, as well as politically antagonistic, potential of religion in situations of ethnic division. This book was published as a special issue of Ethnopolitics.

The Good Friday Agreement of 1998 ended a protracted violent conflict in Northern Ireland and became an international reference point for peace-building. Negotiating a Settlement in Northern Ireland, 1969–2019 traces the roots and out-workings of the Agreement, focussing on the British and Irish governments, their changing policy paradigms, and their extended negotiations, from the Sunningdale conference of 1973 to the St Andrews Agreement of 2006. It identifies three dimensions of change that paved the way for agreement: in the evolution of elite understanding of sovereignty, in the development of wide-ranging and complex modes of power-sharing, and in the interrelated emergence of substantial equality in the socio-economic, cultural, and political domains. The book combines wide-ranging analysis with unparalleled use of witness seminars and interviews where the most senior British and Irish politicians, civil servants, and advisors discuss the process of coming to agreement. In tracing the processes by which British and Irish perspectives converged to address the Northern Ireland conflict, the book provides a benchmark against which the ongoing impact of Brexit on the Good Friday Agreement can be assessed.

Mia Wasikowska, Johnny Depp and Helena Bonham Carter reprise their roles in this fantasy adventure sequel based on Lewis Carroll's novel, directed by James Bobin and produced by Tim Burton. Alice (Wasikowska) finds herself in a mysterious, alternate world after going through a mirror and emerging on the other side of the glass. While there she discovers that the Mad Hatter (Depp) is in danger and that Wonderland could be turned into a wasteland by the evil Time (Sacha Baron Cohen). As Alice tries to turn back time in order to save her friend she once again comes face-to-face with the Red Queen (Bonham Carter)... The film also stars Anne Hathaway as the White Queen and Matt Lucas as Tweedledee and Tweedledum while the voice cast includes Alan Rickman as the Caterpillar, Stephen Fry as the Cheshire Cat and Michael Sheen as the White Rabbit.

Much attention has been paid to globalization, yet little has been focused on the relationship between the national and sub-national levels of politics. This publication has separate sections on the state in transition; on regionalism, nationalism and separatism; and on the security forces and the maintenance of order. The three states chosen - Britain, France and Spain - have historical similarities as ex-imperial, Atlantic seaboard states with weighty historical and institutional traditions. But they also differ in their institutions, in their centre-periphery relations and in their varying responses to the new phase of change. The authors assess the new constitutional configurations in each state - decentralisation, devolution or autonomous governments - and analyse the effect on the peripheries and the maintenance of order. The book also includes chapters on conflict in Northern Ireland and the Spanish Basque country and discussion of nationalist identity and assertion in the three countries.

This book explores everyday identity change and its role in transforming ethnic, national and religious divisions. It uses very extensive interviews in post-conflict Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in the early 21st century to compare the extent and the micro-level cultural logics of identity change. It widens comparisons to the Gard in France, and uses multiple methods to reconstruct the impact of identity innovation on social and political outcomes in the 2010s. It shows the irreducible causal importance of identity change for wider compromise after conflict. It speaks to those interested in Cultural Sociology, Politics, Conflict and Peace Studies, Nationalism, Religion, International Relations and European and Irish Studies.

This book provides a comprehensive and original interpretation of the Northern Ireland conflict. It situates the conflict firmly in its Irish, British and wider international contexts, showing how the sharp conflicts of interest are generated by deep-set structures and relations within Britain and Ireland. The authors argue that only a systematic and determined policy on the part of the British and Irish governments to dismantle the system of relations that produces conflict can fulfill the potential of the peace process and allow an agreed political settlement to emerge.

Just Breathe..., Reflections, Inspirations, and Guidance for Living All the Days of Your Life is a collection of thought provoking motivations designed to uplift and enlighten. Jennifer Todd brings a breath of fresh air to the self-help landscape with her wit, wisdom and real-life experience. We all want to live in the moment, but our attempts can leave us overwhelmed and frustrated. Jennifer gives us a dose of reality served with compassion and humor, reminding us that we are all human, after all. Just Breathe... is that one book you'll want to carry with you wherever you go. Get ready to power up, baby

This book is a quick and practical guide to the basics of transition planning for students with disabilities. Drawing on a strong body of research and filled with evidence-based strategies, practical guidance, clear examples, and usable tools and forms, it guides educational professionals to work successfully with these students and their families) to design effective transition Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and prepare for the workforce, further education or training, and community living. Updates to the second edition include thorough discussion of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA-2014), discussion of funding sources that are available today due to new legislation, new case studies, increased emphasis on student involvement, and more.

Double-bill of fantasy adventures based on the novels by Lewis Carroll. In 'Alice in Wonderland' (2010), Alice (Mia Wasikowska) returns to the magical world of her childhood adventure to reunite with her friends the Mad Hatter (Johnny Depp), the White Rabbit (voice of Michael Sheen), Tweedledum and Tweedledee (both played by Matt Lucas), the Dormouse (Barbara Windsor), the Caterpillar (Alan Rickman) and the Cheshire Cat (Stephen Fry). Alice discovers her true destiny as she joins forces with the colourful denizens of Wonderland to overthrow the wicked Red Queen (Helena Bonham Carter). In 'Alice Through the Looking Glass' (2016), Alice finds herself in a mysterious, alternate world after going through a mirror and emerging on the other side of the glass. While there she discovers that the Mad Hatter is in danger and that Wonderland could be turned into a wasteland by the evil Time (Sacha Baron Cohen). As Alice tries to turn back time in order to save her friend, she once again comes face-to-face with the Red Queen.

Mia Wasikowska, Johnny Depp and Helena Bonham Carter reprise their roles in this fantasy adventure sequel based on Lewis Carroll's novel, directed by James Bobin and produced by Tim Burton. Alice (Wasikowska) finds herself in a mysterious, alternate world after going through a mirror and emerging on the other side of the glass. While there she discovers that the Mad Hatter (Depp) is in danger and that Wonderland could be turned into a wasteland by the evil Time (Sacha Baron Cohen). As Alice tries to turn back time in order to save her friend she once again comes face-to-face with the Red Queen (Bonham Carter)... The film also stars Anne Hathaway as the White Queen and Matt Lucas as Tweedledee and Tweedledum while the voice cast includes Alan Rickman as the Caterpillar, Stephen Fry as the Cheshire Cat and Michael Sheen as the White Rabbit.

Collection of four Tim Burton films. The stop-motion animated musical 'The Nightmare Before Christmas' (1993), produced and visualised by Tim Burton, is set in a parallel world where different lands represent different holiday periods. Skeleton Jack (voice of Chris Sarandon) from Halloween Town becomes converted to Christmas and sets out to spread joy in the world. However, when Jack's mission leads him to kidnap Santa (voice of Edward Ivory) it becomes clear that he is not really in tune with the Yuletide spirit. In 'Alice in Wonderland' (2010), based on the characters from the Lewis Carroll classics 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' and 'Through the Looking Glass', the 19-year-old Alice (Mia Wasikowska) returns to the magical world of her childhood adventure to reunite with her friends the Mad Hatter (Johnny Depp), the White Rabbit (Michael Sheen), Tweedledum and Tweedledee (both played by Matt Lucas), the Dormouse (Barbara Windsor), the Caterpillar (Alan Rickman) and the Cheshire Cat (Stephen Fry). Alice discovers her true destiny as she joins forces with the colourful denizens of Wonderland to overthrow the wicked Red Queen (Helena Bonham Carter). 'Frankenweenie' (2012), Burton's black and white stop-motion homage to Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein', is a remake of his 1984 short of the same name. The story follows a young boy called Victor (voice of Charlie Tahan), who harnesses the powers of science to bring his beloved pet dog Sparky back to life - with unexpected and alarming consequences. 'Ed Wood' (1994) is a biopic of one of Hollywood's worst film directors. Setting up shop in Tinseltown with plenty of enthusiasm but no discernible talent, Ed Wood (Depp) is undeterred when his debut feature, cross-dressing drama 'Glen Or Glenda' (in which he also stars) is a flop. He goes on to make 'Bride of the Monster', also a commercial and creative disaster, with ailing horror star Bela Lugosi (Martin Landau), before embarking on his most grandiose scheme yet: 'Plan 9 from Outer Space'...

The major socio-political changes of the last decades have led to changing ways of being national, changes in the content of national identity if not in the national categories themselves. This comparative social scientific volume takes examples of transitions to democracy (East Europe, Spain) to peace (South Africa, Israel, Northern Ireland) and to territorial decentralization (the United Kingdom, France, Spain), showing in each case how socio-political change and identity change have interlocked. It defines a typology of national identity shift, tracing the changing state forms which provoke national identity shift, and analyzing the process of identity change, its motivations and legitimations. Collecting together a wide range of examples, from South Africa to the Czech Republic from the Basque Country to the Mexican and Irish borders; the book brings together an interdisciplinary group of scholars, from world figures in the study of globalization and social identity to young researchers, to provide a much needed theoretical clarification and empirical evidence of types of national identity shift.