Die Anfangerubungen in der Universitatsausbildung sind - als Voraussetzung fur die Zulassung zu den UEbungen fur Fortgeschrittene - nach wie vor an zahlreichen Universitaten wichtige Ausbildungsabschnitte. An den Universitaten, die die Anfangerubungen abgeschafft haben, verlagert sich das Schwergewicht automatisch auf die UEbungen fur Fortgeschrittene. Gleichwohl halt sich der "Examensdruck" in den UEbungen in einem ertraglichen Mass, da die UEbungen bis zum erfolgreichen Abschluss wiederholt werden konnten und koennen. Mit Einfuhrung der Zwischenprufung hat sich die Ausbildungslage entscheidend geandert. Der Misserfolg in einer Zwischenprufungsklausur kann - auch wenn eine Wiederholungsmoeglichkeit besteht - schnell zum abrupten Ende des juristischen Studiums fuhren. Wichtig ist es daher, dass der Student sich rechtzeitig Kenntnisse daruber verschafft, was in den einzelnen Prufungsleistungen von ihm erwartet wird. Neben dem erforderlichen Wissen ist aber die UEbung im praktischen Umgang mit Prufungsfallen von besonderer Bedeutung. Da die ersten Leistungen der Zwischenprufung schon sehr fruh im Studium verlangt werden, besteht ein Bedurfnis nach konzentrierter Information. Diese Information will das Sonderheft bieten, und zwar als methodische Hilfestellung. Um das eigene Wissen und Koennen zu erweitern, aber sogleich kritisch zu analysieren, ist es erforderlich, nach Kenntnis des Klausursachverhalts eine Loesungsskizze zu erarbeiten und diese mit der abgedruckten Fallloesung zu vergleichen. So kann aus Fehlern gelernt, die noetige Sicherheit im Umgang mit dem Rechtsstoff gewonnen und die Zwischenprufung erfolgreich bestanden werden.

The 18 authors in this volume, which presents the fruits of a conference of the German Historical Institute in Rome, are specialists in history, archaeology, musicology and art history. Their joint concern is to delineate how Italy was experienced, perceived, presented and evaluated in the German-speaking culture of the 19th century. From the different perspectives of the various disciplines represented, the articles both reflect the biographical constellations and the institutional parameters involved and study the experiences of Italy gathered in the risorgimento period not only by scholars, journalists and artists but also by craftsmen and beggars, examining the preconditions and the effects of those experiences against the backdrop of the history of ideas.

This book concludes a trilogy that began with studies on Dante Alighieri s Sense of Justice (2011) and Adam Smith as Legal Historian (2012) with a work about the French contribution to the intellectual history of the law. It examines the development of the basic principles of law during the Early Modern Era that the German Science Council recently set as a target for legal education."

Dante's Divine Comedy is one of the most important works in the history of world literature. Although the theme of justice is of central importance in this work, studies of its content from a philosophy of law perspective have been thus far primarily conducted by researchers of Romance languages and literature rather than by legal experts. This is especially surprising considering the fact that Dante's Monarchia, which was produced at the same time, is considered one of the most important creations of the High Middle Ages in terms of the philosophy of law. This study examines Dante's sense of justice as reflected in the Divine Comedy under consideration of his main work regarding the philosophy of law.

Adam Smith was not just a pioneer of political economy; he was also a moral philosopher who aspired to write a systematic theory of law. Though he never completed the project - he asked the executors of his estate to burn his notes - his major published works contain a multitude of passages from which significant portions of his legal theory can be reconstructed. Many of Smith's views are of great relevance to present-day issues. He proposed financial regulation restricting the freedom of individuals, which he likened to the necessity of equipping buildings with firewalls. In light of the global firestorm caused by the most recent banking crisis, Smith's ideas appear strikingly modern.

The preface of Hegel's Philosophy of Right ends with a memorable image: When philosophy paints its gray on gray, one form of life has grown old, and with gray on gray it cannot be rejuvenated, but merely known. The owl of Minerva takes its flight only with twilight closing in. What does this cryptic phrase mean? What is its significance for legal philosophy? While the first question has been pondered for ages, the question of why this particular phrase was placed in the preface to the principles of legal philosophy has hardly been addressed."

The phrase a oeBrilliance of Justicea originated from Nietzsche, who admittedly valued this form of brilliance at least as much as all others. Unexpectedly, Nietzsche was neglected by the field of legal philosophy even though he regarded legal philosophy as especially challenging. The author examines Nietzschea (TM)s numerous observations on justice, beginning with his earliest work on aphorisms and the Zoroaster and includes his posthumous writings and then relates these to his statements on law.

Wilhelm von Humboldta (TM)s legal philosophy is much less familiar than his philosophy of language or even his role as an educational reformer. For this purpose the author examines Humboldta (TM)s a oeIdeas on an attempt to determine the limits of the effectiveness of the statea . This early work, which is central for political liberalism, was created in an exchange of ideas with Friedrich Schiller and had a substantial effect on John Stuart Mill's essay a oeOn Libertya . The author attempts a legal-philosophical examination of Humboldta (TM)s ideas that is linked with a critical tracing of the Anglo-American origins and reception (together with Mill, above all Adam Smith, Rawls, Nozick and Buchanan).

WAhrend A1/4ber Max Webers Religionssoziologie ganze Bibliotheken geschrieben worden sind, gibt es zu seiner Rechtssoziologie - ungeachtet ihrer von Talcott Parsons herausgestellten ZentralitAt in Webers Werk - vergleichsweise wenige BAnde. Insbesondere ist sein VerhAltnis zur juristischen Methodenlehre nahezu unberA1/4cksichtigt geblieben, obwohl er als promovierter und habilitierter Jurist im weitesten Sinne von ihr ausgegangen ist. Max Webers Rechtssoziologie ist fA1/4r die Rechtsdogmatik nicht zuletzt deshalb so interessant, weil Weber das Recht und die juristische Methode inwendig kannte und von daher deutend verstehen konnte.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Thoracic Image Analysis, TIA 2020, held in Lima, Peru, in October 2020. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. COVID-19 infection has brought a lot of attention to lung imaging and the role of CT imaging in the diagnostic workflow of COVID-19 suspects is an important topic. The 14 full papers presented deal with all aspects of image analysis of thoracic data, including: image acquisition and reconstruction, segmentation, registration, quantification, visualization, validation, population-based modeling, biophysical modeling (computational anatomy), deep learning, image analysis in small animals, outcome-based research and novel infectious disease applications.

This preparation guide encompasses all question areas relevant for students being tested on the general part of the German Civil Code, and is based on the official test structure. The book covers test content in commercial law, addressing many aspects and special regulations of the general part of the German Civil Code. The guide sharpens the student's awareness of interconnections, including connections to other books of the German Civil Code.