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Ancient Ethical Literature provides students with a collection of
translated ancient texts from cultural, religious, and
philosophical sources to help readers better understand how various
societies have formed their codes of ethics. Part I of the text
focuses on ancient Near Eastern literature. It explores Sumerian
and Hebrew proverbs on the subjects of wealth, love, character,
plenty, humor, wisdom, family, life and death, and more.
Additionally, students read a collection of Hebrew and Babylonian
laws that address social justice, the Ten Commandments, theft and
robbery, agriculture, inheritance, and goring oxen, among other
topics. Part II introduces students to Hellenic literature and
investigates a number of philosophical texts by Socrates, Plato,
and Aristotle. Throughout, students are provided with critical
context to frame the readings and discussion questions to stimulate
critical thinking and academic discourse. Compiled to provide
students with an accessible and illuminating introduction to key
concepts within the discipline, Ancient Ethical Literature is an
ideal resource for courses in philosophy and ethics.
In this book, Jeremy Kirby analyzes Book Gamma of Aristotle's
Metaphysics and introduces the debates (or paradoxes as he refers
to them) such as relativism versus the idea of a ready-made world,
the possibility of true contradictions, the nature and possibility
of metaphysics, the limits of thought, and logic.
Aristotle maintains that biological organisms are compounds of
matter and form and that compounds that have the same form are
individuated by their matter. According to Aristotle, an object
that undergoes change is an object that undergoes a change in form,
i.e. form is imposed upon something material in nature. Aristotle
therefore identifies organisms according to their matter and
essential forms, forms that are arguably essential to an object's
existence. Jeremy Kirby addresses a difficulty in Aristotle's
metaphysics, namely the possibility that two organisms of the same
species might share the same matter. If they share the same form,
as Aristotle seems to suggest, then they seem to share that which
they cannot, their identity. By taking into account Aristotle's
views on the soul, its relation to living matter, and his rejection
of the possibility of resurrection, Kirby reconstructs an answer to
this problem and shows how Aristotle relies on some of the central
themes in his system in order to resist this unwelcome result that
his metaphysics might suggest.
Aristotle maintains that biological organisms are compounds of
matter and form and that compounds that have the same form are
individuated by their matter. According to Aristotle, an object
that undergoes change is an object that undergoes a change in form,
i.e. form is imposed upon something material in nature. Aristotle
therefore identifies organisms according to their matter and
essential forms, forms that are arguably essential to an object's
existence. Jeremy Kirby addresses a difficulty in Aristotle's
metaphysics, namely the possibility that two organisms of the same
species might share the same matter. If they share the same form,
as Aristotle seems to suggest, then they seem to share that which
they cannot, their identity. By taking into account Aristotle's
views on the soul, its relation to living matter, and his rejection
of the possibility of resurrection, Kirby reconstructs an answer to
this problem and shows how Aristotle relies on some of the central
themes in his system in order to resist this unwelcome result that
his metaphysics might suggest.
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