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This edited volume brings together ten compelling ethnographic case
studies from a range of global settings to explore how people build
metalinguistic communities defined not by use of a language, but
primarily by language ideologies and symbolic practices about the
language. The authors examine themes of agency, belonging,
negotiating hegemony, and combating cultural erasure and genocide
in cultivating meaningful metalinguistic communities. Case studies
include Spanish and Hebrew in the USA, Kurdish in Japan, Pataxo
Hahahae in Brazil, and Gallo in France. The afterword, by Wesley L.
Leonard, provides theoretical and on-the-ground context as well as
a forward-looking focus on metalinguistic futurities. This book
will be of interest to interdisciplinary students and scholars in
applied linguistics, linguistic anthropology and migration studies.
This edited volume brings together ten compelling ethnographic case
studies from a range of global settings to explore how people build
metalinguistic communities defined not by use of a language, but
primarily by language ideologies and symbolic practices about the
language. The authors examine themes of agency, belonging,
negotiating hegemony, and combating cultural erasure and genocide
in cultivating meaningful metalinguistic communities. Case studies
include Spanish and Hebrew in the USA, Kurdish in Japan, Pataxo
Hahahae in Brazil, and Gallo in France. The afterword, by Wesley L.
Leonard, provides theoretical and on-the-ground context as well as
a forward-looking focus on metalinguistic futurities. This book
will be of interest to interdisciplinary students and scholars in
applied linguistics, linguistic anthropology and migration studies.
*Includes pictures.
*Includes ancient accounts describing the Celts and their
religious practices.
*Includes footnotes and a bibliography.
"Throughout all of Gaul there are two classes of people who are
treated with dignity and honor. This does not include the common
people, who are little better than slaves and never have a voice in
councils. Many of these align themselves with a patron voluntarily,
whether because of debt or heavy tribute or out of fear of
retribution by some other powerful person. Once they do this, they
have given up all rights and are scarcely better than servants. The
two powerful classes mentioned above are the Druids and the
warriors. Druids are concerned with religious matters, public and
private sacrifices, and divination." - Julius Caesar
The Celts are one of the most well-known groups in Europe and
one of the least understood. Depending on which classifications are
used, the Celts are also one of the oldest civilizations in Europe.
In the centuries before Christ, the Celts were spread out across
much of continental Europe, and though they are mostly identified
with Gaul, evidence suggests they also spread as far as Portugal.
Though they were spread out across Europe before the height of the
Roman Empire, most people associate the Celts with the British
Isles today, particularly Ireland and Scotland. After they had been
relegated to those smaller regions as a result of the Romans and
other migrations, the culture of the Celts as it is currently
understood began to congeal during the Early Middle Ages, and
Celtic culture, folklore, and legend have all become inextricably
intertwined with Irish history and British history as a whole.
Historically, Celtic cultures differ from their English and
French neighbors in a number of ways, including social
organization, language, values and economic systems, but one of the
most captivating of these has always been their myths. Celtic
Myths, which can be read in translation without needing special
training in grammar, are more accessible than the Celtic languages,
and unlike the other distinctive features that have faded over the
centuries, myths still have their immediacy and power when read
today. While much has undoubtedly been lost from the ancient Celts
over time, medieval manuscripts help scholars understand how Celtic
myths have reached the form they have today. Like many ancient
belief systems, Celtic mythology shares Indo-European roots,
meaning Celtic beliefs have cousins in related societies like the
Norse, Greeks, Romans and Slavs, with a foundation of shared
mythmaking that goes back several millennia. Descriptions of Celtic
mythology by their contemporaries, including the Ancient Romans and
Greeks, provide a hazy picture, while the tales recorded by
Christian monks and undoubtedly bear the stamp of their own
religious affiliations.
Celtic Mythology: The Religion of the Ancient Celts examines
the history and legacy of the religion practiced by the Ancient
Celts. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about
Celtic mythology like you never have before, in no time at all.
*Includes pictures of Chichen Itza's ruins and art.
*Explains the history of the site and the theories about its
purpose and abandonment.
*Describes the layout of Chichen Itza, its important structures,
and the theories about the buildings' uses.
*Includes a bibliography for further reading.
Many ancient civilizations have influenced and inspired people in
the 21st century, like the Greeks and the Romans, but of all the
world's civilizations, none have intrigued people more than the
Mayans, whose culture, astronomy, language, and mysterious
disappearance all continue to captivate people. At the heart of the
fascination is the most visited and the most spectacular of Late
Classic Maya cities: Chichen Itza.
Chichen Itza was inhabited for hundreds of years and was a very
influential center in the later years of Maya civilization. At its
height, Chichen Itza may have had over 30,000 inhabitants, and with
a spectacular pyramid, enormous ball court, observatory and several
temples, the builders of this city exceeded even those at Uxmal in
developing the use of columns and exterior relief decoration. Of
particular interest at Chichen Itza is the sacred cenote, a
sinkhole was a focus for Maya rituals around water. Because
adequate supplies of water, which rarely collected on the surface
of the limestone based Yucatan, were essential for adequate
agricultural production, the Maya here considered it of primary
importance. Underwater archaeology carried out in the cenote at
Chichen Itza revealed that offerings to the Maya rain deity Chaac
(which may have included people) were tossed into the sinkhole.
Although Chichen Itza was around for hundreds of years, it had a
relatively short period of dominance in the region, lasting from
about 800-950 A.D. Today, tourists are taken by guides to a
building called the Nunnery for no good reason other than the small
rooms reminded the Spaniards of a nunnery back home. Similarly the
great pyramid at Chichen Itza is designated El Castillo ("The
Castle"), which it almost certainly was not, while the observatory
is called El Caracol ("The Snail") for its spiral staircase. Of
course, the actual names for these places were lost as the great
Maya cities began to lose their populations, one by one.
Chichen Itza was partially abandoned in 948, and the culture of the
Maya survived in a disorganized way until it was revived at Mayapan
around 1200. Why Maya cities were abandoned and left to be
overgrown by the jungle is a puzzle that intrigues people around
the world today, especially those who have a penchant for
speculating on lost civilizations.
Chichen Itza: The History and Mystery of the Maya's Most Famous
City comprehensively covers the history of the city, as well as the
speculation surrounding the purpose of Chichen Itza and the debate
over the buildings. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you
will learn about the Maya's most famous city like you never have
before, in no time at all.
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Cornish Studies Volume 17 (Paperback)
Philip Payton; Contributions by Gemma Goodman, Jesse Harasta, Philip Hayward, Rachel Hunt, …
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R891
Discovery Miles 8 910
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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This volume--the latest in the acclaimed "Cornish Studies"
series--addresses issues of sustainability and the china clay
region of mid-Cornwall, with articles on landscape, literature,
archaeology, political culture, and sustainable communities. Also
included are wider comparative discussions on topics such as access
to higher education in Cornwall, contemporary Cornish music, St.
Piran and the cult of the saints, and issues of authenticity at
Cornish heritage sites.
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