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Controlling the population in any counterinsurgency is critical to
the success of the counterinsurgent. Three historical theorists,
Sir Robert Thompson, David Galula, and Robert Trinquier all agree
on this pertinent issue. Success in Malaya hinged on controlling
the population in New Villages. Security in Algeria depended on
sectors or districts. In both examples, the raising of local
security forces to control the population was essential. Two major
counterinsurgency efforts were used in Vietnam in controlling the
population. The Strategic Hamlet Program, led by the Republic of
Vietnam, aimed at controlling the population and winning popular
support to the RVN. The second, and the focus of this thesis, was
the Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG). The CIDG program
raised local security forces in the highlands of South Vietnam to
protect the villages from Viet Cong influence and intimidation.
Initially, the program was defensive in nature. As ground forces
moved into Vietnam in 1965, the CIDG program lost its defensive
focus and became offensively focused through the Mobile Strike
Forces (MSF). The MSFs initially were designed to reinforce CIDG
camps, but quickly became additional infantry battalions. This
transition ultimately led to the degradation of the CIDG program
and ultimately its disbandment.
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