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This open access book provides a concise introduction to a critical
development in memory studies. A global memory formation has
emerged since the 1990s, in which memories of traumatic histories
in different parts of the world, often articulated in the terms
established by Holocaust memory, have become entangled, reconciled,
contested, conflicted and negotiated across borders. As historical
actors and events across time and space become connected in new
ways, new grounds for contest and competition arise; claims to the
past that appeared de-territorialized in the global memory
formation become re-territorialized - deployed in the service of
nationalist projects. This poses challenges to scholarship but also
to practice: How can we ensure that shared or comparable memories
of past injustice continue to be grounds for solidarity between
different memory communities? In chapters focusing on Europe, East
Asia and Africa, five scholars respond to these challenges from a
range of disciplinary perspectives in the humanities.
South Korean historian Jie-Hyun Lim, raised under an anticommunist
dictatorship, turned to Marxian thought to explain his country's
development, even as he came to struggle with its Eurocentrism. As
a transnational scholar working in postcommunist Poland, Lim
recognized striking similarities between Korean and Polish history
and politics. One realization stood out: Both Korea and Poland-at
once the "West" for Asia yet "Eastern" Europe-had been assigned the
role of "East." This book explores entangled Easts to reconsider
global history from the margins. Examining the politics of history
and memory, Lim reveals the affinities linking Eastern Europe and
East Asia. He draws out commonalities in their experiences of
modernity, in their transitions from dictatorship to democracy, and
in the shaping of collective memory. Ranging across Poland,
Germany, Israel, Japan, and Korea, Lim traces the global history of
how notions of victimhood have become central to nationalism. He
criticizes mass dictatorships of right and left in the Global
Easts, considering Nazi jurist Carl Schmitt's notion of sovereign
dictatorship and the concept of decisionist democracy. Lim argues
that nationalism is inherently transnational, critiquing how the
nationalist imagination of the Global East has influenced countries
across borders. Theoretically sophisticated and conceptually
innovative, this book sheds new light on the transnational
complexity of historical memory and imagination, the boundaries
between democracy and mass dictatorship, and the fluidity of East
and West.
This book offers a fresh and original approach to the study of one
of the dominant features of the twentieth century. Adopting a truly
global approach to the realities of modern dictatorship, this
handbook examines the multiple ways in which dictatorship functions
- both for the rulers and for the ruled - and draws on the
expertise of more than twenty five distinguished contributors
coming from European, American, and Asian universities. While
confronting the immense complexities of repression and popular
response under dictatorship, the volume also poses a series of
wide-ranging questions about the political organization of
present-day mass society.
The landscape of memory studies has been transformed by a growing
consciousness of global interconnectedness and the politics of
human rights. The essays in this volume of the Mass Dictatorship
project explore the entangled pasts of dictatorships, the tensions
between de-territorializing and re-territorializing memories, and
the competitive construction of memories of the intersubjective
past from a world-wide perspective. Written from a variety of
differing historical perspectives, cultural positions, and
disciplinary backgrounds, the collection searches for historical
accountability across the generations of the post-war era.
This volume explores the politics of memory involved in 'coming to
terms with the past' of mass dictatorship on a global scale.
Considering how a growing sense of global connectivity and global
human rights politics changed the memory landscape, the essays
explore entangled pasts of dictatorships.
South Korean historian Jie-Hyun Lim, raised under an anticommunist
dictatorship, turned to Marxian thought to explain his country's
development, even as he came to struggle with its Eurocentrism. As
a transnational scholar working in postcommunist Poland, Lim
recognized striking similarities between Korean and Polish history
and politics. One realization stood out: Both Korea and Poland-at
once the "West" for Asia yet "Eastern" Europe-had been assigned the
role of "East." This book explores entangled Easts to reconsider
global history from the margins. Examining the politics of history
and memory, Lim reveals the affinities linking Eastern Europe and
East Asia. He draws out commonalities in their experiences of
modernity, in their transitions from dictatorship to democracy, and
in the shaping of collective memory. Ranging across Poland,
Germany, Israel, Japan, and Korea, Lim traces the global history of
how notions of victimhood have become central to nationalism. He
criticizes mass dictatorships of right and left in the Global
Easts, considering Nazi jurist Carl Schmitt's notion of sovereign
dictatorship and the concept of decisionist democracy. Lim argues
that nationalism is inherently transnational, critiquing how the
nationalist imagination of the Global East has influenced countries
across borders. Theoretically sophisticated and conceptually
innovative, this book sheds new light on the transnational
complexity of historical memory and imagination, the boundaries
between democracy and mass dictatorship, and the fluidity of East
and West.
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