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This four-volume set of handbooks offers comprehensive survey of
the history of a region that went from domination by various
Empires before the First World War to membership of the EU in the
late twentieth century. Challenges of Modernity offers a broad
account of the social and economic history of Central and Eastern
Europe in the twentieth century and asks critical questions about
the structure and experience of modernity in different contexts and
periods. Statehood examines the extending lines of development of
nation-state systems in Eastern Europe, in particular considering
why certain tendencies in state development found a different
expression in this region compared to other parts of the continent.
Intellectual Horizons offers a pioneering, transnational and
comparative treatment of key thematic areas in the intellectual and
cultural history of Central and Eastern Europe in the twentieth
century. Violence analyses both the violence exerted on the
societies of Central and Eastern Europe during the twentieth
century by belligerent powers and authoritarian and/or totalitarian
regimes and armed conflicts between ethnic, social and national
groups, as well as the interaction between these two phenomena.
Transnational and comparative in approach, key lines of development
are synthesised leading to a complex understanding of the region.
Written by a range of international contributors, many from the
region itself, this is the go-to resource on Central, Eastern, and
Southeastern Europe in the twentieth century.
Whether victorious or not, Central European states faced
fundamental challenges after the First World War as they struggled
to contain ongoing violence and forge peaceful societies. This
collection explores the various forms of violence these nations
confronted during this period, which effectively transformed the
region into a laboratory for state-building. Employing a bottom-up
approach to understanding everyday life, these studies trace the
contours of individual and mass violence in the interwar era while
illuminating their effects upon politics, intellectual
developments, and the arts.
Analyses both the violence exerted on the societies of Central and
Eastern Europe during the twentieth century by belligerent powers
and authoritarian and/or totalitarian regimes and armed conflicts
between ethnic, social and national groups, as well as the
interaction between these two phenomena, offering the reader a
comprehensive understanding of the topic in this region and time
period. Transnational in approach, it contains contributions from
many historians from the region itself, making it accessible and
apealing to a wide international audience. Part of a set that
constitutes a comprehensive social, political, and cultural history
that covers the entire region of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern
Europe, superceding histories that focus ona particular area or
theme.
The First World War did not end in Central Europe in November 1918.
The armistices marked the creation of the Second Polish Republic
and the first shot of the Central European Civil War which raged
from 1918 to 1921. The fallen German, Russian, and Austrian Empires
left in their wake lands with peoples of mixed nationalities and
ethnicities. These lands soon became battle grounds and the
ethno-political violence that ensued forced those living within
them to decide on their national identity. Civil War in Central
Europe seeks to challenge previous notions that such conflicts
which occurred between the First and Second World Wars were
isolated incidents and argues that they should be considered as
part of a European war; a war which transformed Poland into a
nation.
This invaluable work traces the role of the Einsatzgruppen of the
Security Police and SD, the core group of Himmler's murder units
involved in the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question," during and
immediately after the German campaign in Poland in 1939. In
addition to relevant Einsatzgruppen reports, the book includes key
documents from other sources, especially eyewitness accounts from
victims or onlookers. Such accounts provide an alternative, often
much more realistic, perspective on the nature and consequences of
the actions previously known only through documentation generated
by the perpetrators. With carefully selected primary sources
contextualized by the authors' clear narrative, this work fills an
important gap in our understanding of a crucial period in the
evolution of policies directed against Jews, Poles, and others
deemed dangerous or inferior by the Third Reich. Supplemented by
maps and photographs, this book will be an essential reference and
research tool.
An American in Europe at War and Peace offers a rare personal
record of Hugh Gibson, a top American diplomat, during the last
months of World War I and the first months of peace. The Chronicles
give unique insights on events in Europe and presents Gibson's
commentary in real time with the voice of an extremely
well-connected American at the epicenter of world-changing events.
The source edition is introduced, annotated and edited by Vivian
Reed, leading expert on Hugh Gibson, and Jochen Boehler, expert in
Eastern European affairs.
This invaluable work traces the role of the Einsatzgruppen of the
Security Police and SD, the core group of Himmler's murder units
involved in the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question," during and
immediately after the German campaign in Poland in 1939. In
addition to relevant Einsatzgruppen reports, the book includes key
documents from other sources, especially eyewitness accounts from
victims or onlookers. Such accounts provide an alternative, often
much more realistic, perspective on the nature and consequences of
the actions previously known only through documentation generated
by the perpetrators. With carefully selected primary sources
contextualized by the authors' clear narrative, this work fills an
important gap in our understanding of a crucial period in the
evolution of policies directed against Jews, Poles, and others
deemed dangerous or inferior by the Third Reich. Supplemented by
maps and photographs, this book will be an essential reference and
research tool.
The First World War began in the Balkans, and it was fought as
fiercely in the East as it was in the West. Fighting persisted in
the East for almost a decade, radically transforming the political
and social order of the entire continent. The specifics of the
Eastern war such as mass deportations, ethnic cleansing, and the
radicalization of military, paramilitary and revolutionary violence
have only recently become the focus of historical research. This
volume situates the 'Long First World War' on the Eastern Front
(1912-1923) in the hundred years from the mid-19th to the mid-20th
century and explores the legacies of violence within this context.
Content Jochen Boehler/Wlodzimierz Borodziej/Joachim von Puttkamer:
Introduction I. A World in Transition Joachim von Puttkamer:
Collapse and Restoration. Politics and the Strains of War in
Eastern Europe Mark Biondich: Eastern Borderlands and Prospective
Shatter Zones. Identity and Conflict in East Central and
Southeastern Europe on the Eve of the First World War Jochen
Boehler: Generals and Warlords, Revolutionaries and Nation-State
Builders. The First World War and its Aftermath in Central and
Eastern Europe II. Occupation Jonathan E. Gumz: Losing Control. The
Norm of Occupation in Eastern Europe during the First World War
Stephan Lehnstaedt: Fluctuating between 'Utilisation' and
Exploitation. Occupied East Central Europe during the First World
War Robert L. Nelson: Utopias of Open Space. Forced Population
Transfer Fantasies during the First World War III. Radicalization
Maciej Gorny: War on Paper? Physical Anthropology in the Service of
States and Nations Piotr J. Wrobel: Foreshadowing the Holocaust.
The Wars of 1914-1921 and Anti-Jewish Violence in Central and
Eastern Europe Robert Gerwarth: Fighting the Red Beast.
Counter-Revolutionary Violence in the Defeated States of Central
Europe IV. Aftermath Julia Eichenberg: Consent, Coercion and
Endurance in Eastern Europe. Poland and the Fluidity of War
Experiences Philipp Ther: Pre-negotiated Violence. Ethnic Cleansing
in the 'Long' First World War Dietrich Beyrau: The Long Shadow of
the Revolution. Violence in War and Peace in the Soviet Union
Commentary Joern Leonhard: Legacies of Violence: Eastern Europe's
First World War - A Commentary from a Comparative Perspective
Hugh Gibson, US Minister to Poland from 1919 to 1924, recorded his
involvement with the rocky first years of Polish statehood in this
collection of official dispatches and personal letters. This book
presents the writings of Hugh S. Gibson, who served from 1919 to
1924 as the first US Minister to the new Second Polish Republic.
Crucially involved with world-shaping events, Gibson faithfully
recorded his eyewitness impressions and interactions with the
nascent Polish state, bickering Allies, and increasingly
isolationist Americans. The selected material draws from both State
Department dispatches and personal letters, most of it appearing in
print for the first time. Editor Vivian Hux Reed, working with
experts M. B. B. Biskupski, Jochen Boehler, and Jan-Roman Potocki,
provides historical context through a comprehensive introduction
and series of annotations. Reminiscences by Gibson's late son
Michael Francis Gibson provide personal context. With a flair for
pertinent analysis, Gibson records the rocky first years of Polish
statehood. He advocated for American support of the young democracy
and emphasized to both Polish and US government officials the need
for a strong state to protect the rights of all Polish citizens.
His words are prophetic, accurately assessing the need for strong
state structures to protect all citizens and predicting the danger
posed especially to minority groups should such structures fail.
VIVIAN HUX REED has an MA in history from Western Oregon
University. M. B. B. BISKUPSKI is professor of history, Central
Connectictut State University. JOCHEN BOEHLER is a research
associate, Imre Kertesz Kolleg Jena at Friedrich Schiller
University. JAN-ROMAN POTOCKI has an MPhil in International
Relations from Cambridge University.
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