The Treaty of Amsterdam was signed by the member states of the EU in 1997, and came into effect in 1999. No area of national and European policy-making will be left untouched by the framework set by the Treaty for the development of the Union. The contributors to this text examine the progress made and the deficits left by the Treaty in key policy areas and in the institutional system of the EU. They also look at its future development, in particular: the challenges posed by the next enlargement, the incomplete reform of the institutional system and the risks of fragmentation.