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The significant advances witnessed over the last years in the broad
field of linguistic variation testify to a growing convergence
between sociolinguistic approaches and the somewhat older
historical and comparative research traditions. Particularly within
cognitive and functional linguistics, the evolution towards a
maximally dynamic approach to language goes hand in hand with a
renewed interest in corpus research and quantitative methods of
analysis. Many researchers feel that only in this way one can do
justice to the complex interaction of forces and factors involved
in linguistic variability, both synchronically and diachronically.
The contributions to the present volume illustrate the ongoing
evolution of the field. By bringing together a series of analyses
that rely on extensive corpuses to shed light on sociolinguistic,
historical, and comparative forms of variation, the volume
highlights the interaction between these subfields. Most of the
contributions go back to talks presented at the meeting of the
Societas Linguistica Europaea held in Leuven in 2001. The volume
starts with a global typological view on the sociolinguistic
landscape of Europe offered by Peter Auer. It is followed by a
methodological proposal for measuring phonetic similarity between
dialects designed by Paul Heggarty, April McMahon, and Robert
McMahon. Various papers deal with specific phenomena of socially
and conceptually driven variation within a single language. For
Dutch, Jose Tummers, Dirk Speelman, and Dirk Geeraerts analyze
inflectional variation in Belgian and Netherlandic Dutch, Reinhild
Vandekerckhove focuses on interdialectal convergence between
West-Flemish urban dialects, and Arjan van Leuvensteijn studies
competing forms of address in the 17th century Dutch standard
variety. The cultural and conceptual dimension is also present in
the diachronic lexicosemantic explorations presented by Heli
Tissari, Clara Molina, and Caroline Gevaert for English expressions
referring to the experiential domains of love, sorrow and anger,
respectively: the history of words is systematically linked up with
the images they convey and the evolving conceptualizations they
reveal. The papers by Heide Wegener and by Marcin Kilarski and
Grzegorz Krynicki constitute a plea against arbitrariness of
alternations at the level of nominal morphology: dealing with
marked plural forms in German, and with gender assignment to
English loanwords in the Scandinavian languages, respectively,
their distributional accounts bring into the picture a variety of
motivating factors. The four cross-linguistic studies that close
the volume focus on the differing ways in which even closely
related languages exploit parallel morphosyntactic patterns. They
share the same methodological concern for combining rigorous
parametrization and quantification with conceptual and
discourse-functional explanations. While Griet Beheydt and Katleen
Van den Steen confront the use of formally defined competing
constructions in two Germanic and two Romance languages,
respectively, Torsten Leuschner as well as Gisela Harras and
Kirsten Proost analyze how a particular speaker's attitude is
expressed differently in various Germanic languages.
Irregularitat als sprachwissenschaftliches Konzept ist bisher nur
unzureichend erforscht. Die Aufsatze widmen sich der Irregularitat
in der Flexions-, Derivations- und Kompositionsmorphologie und
leisten damit einen Beitrag zum besseren Verstandnis von
Irregularitat. Untersucht wird, wo Regelhaftigkeit in der
Irregularitat liegt, wie regelhafter Lautwandel Irregularitat
erzeugt, wie Paradigmen funktionieren (speziell in Bezug auf
Suppletivismus und "Overabundance") und wie die irregulare
Morphologie mit Syntax und Pragmatik zusammenspielt. Irregularitat
wird sowohl aus diachroner als auch aus synchroner Sicht
beleuchtet. Einige Studien wahlen eine psycholinguistische
Herangehensweise. Untersuchungssprachen reichen von Latein und
seinen Tochtersprachen Franzosisch, Katalanisch und Italienisch
uber Englisch, Deutsch, Griechisch, Russisch und Turkisch bis hin
zu Thompson Salish und einigen irokesischen Sprachen. Die im
Sammelband diskutierten Theorien reichen von der kanonischen
Typologie uber die Distributed Morphology, die Whole Word
Morphology und die Minimalistische Morphologie bis hin zu
prozeduralen und deklarativen Modellen."
Open publication> The Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A
Comprehensive Guide is part of the multi-volume reference work on
the languages and linguistics of the continents of the world. The
book supplies profiles of the language families of Europe,
including the sign languages. It also discusses the areal typology,
paying attention to the Standard Average European, Balkan, Baltic
and Mediterranean convergence areas. Separate chapters deal with
the old and new minority languages and with non-standard varieties.
A major focus is language politics and policies, including
discussions of the special status of English, the relation between
language and the church, language and the school, and
standardization. The history of European linguistics is another
focus as is the history of multilingual European 'empires' and
their dissolution. The volume is especially geared towards a
graduate and advanced undergraduate readership. It has been
designed such that it can be used, as a whole or in parts, as a
textbook, the first of its kind, for graduate programmes with a
focus on the linguistic (and linguistics) landscape of Europe.
The book presents new issues and areas of work in modality and
evidentiality in English(es), and in relation to other European
languages (French, Galician, Lithuanian, Spanish). Given the
complexity of the relations among modal and evidential expressions,
their constant diachronic evolution, and the variation found in
different English-speaking areas, and in different genres and
discourse domains, the volume addresses the following issues: the
conceptual nature of modality, the relationship between the domains
of modality and evidentiality, the evolution and current status of
the modal auxiliaries and other modal expressions, the relationship
with neighbouring grammatical categories (tense, aspect, mood), and
the variation in different discourse domains and genres, in
modelling stance and discourse identities.
The series is a platform for contributions of all kinds to this
rapidly developing field. General problems are studied from the
perspective of individual languages, language families, language
groups, or language samples. Conclusions are the result of a
deepened study of empirical data. Special emphasis is given to
little-known languages, whose analysis may shed new light on
long-standing problems in general linguistics.
This book is a collection of linguistic and philosophical papers
dealing with the semantic problems of determiners. The language
under investigation is mostly English, although a few papers deal
with French and German, and, to a lesser extent, with Dutch,
Polish, Russian and Hebrew. The majority of the contributions focus
on the semantics of the definite and indefinite articles, leading
into discussions of anaphoricness, specificness, opacity and
transparency, referentiality and attributiveness and genericness.
The relation of the determiners to other parts of grammar, in
particular relativisation and predication, is also investigated.
Some attention is also given to quantifiers. In the spirit of
pluralism, there is no single paradigm unifying all the papers,
rather, the volume reflects elements of the Extended Standard
Theory, Generative Semantics, Montague Grammar, (Gricean)
Pragmatics and Speech Act Theory.
This book is a collection of linguistic and philosophical papers
dealing with the semantic problems of determiners. The language
under investigation is mostly English, although a few papers deal
with French and German, and, to a lesser extent, with Dutch,
Polish, Russian and Hebrew. The majority of the contributions focus
on the semantics of the definite and indefinite articles, leading
into discussions of anaphoricness, specificness, opacity and
transparency, referentiality and attributiveness and genericness.
The relation of the determiners to other parts of grammar, in
particular relativisation and predication, is also investigated.
Some attention is also given to quantifiers. In the spirit of
pluralism, there is no single paradigm unifying all the papers,
rather, the volume reflects elements of the Extended Standard
Theory, Generative Semantics, Montague Grammar, (Gricean)
Pragmatics and Speech Act Theory.
This book presents a detailed analysis of structural as well as
pragmatic aspects underlying the phenomenon of noun ellipsis in
English. Here Gunther examines the structure of elliptical noun
phrases to account for the conditions on noun ellipsis and those on
one-insertion, with special emphasis on the (oft-neglected)
parallels between the two. She also examines the use of noun
ellipsis with adjectives in order to shed light on this
under-researched phenomenon, drawing on data from the British
National Corpus.
Series Information: Routledge Language Family Series
Provides a unique, up-to-date survey of twelve Germanic languages from English and German to Faroese and Yiddish.
This book presents a detailed analysis of structural as well as
pragmatic aspects underlying the phenomenon of noun ellipsis in
English. Here Gunther examines the structure of elliptical noun
phrases to account for the conditions on noun ellipsis and those on
one-insertion, with special emphasis on the (oft-neglected)
parallels between the two. She also examines the use of noun
ellipsis with adjectives in order to shed light on this
under-researched phenomenon, drawing on data from the British
National Corpus.
This handbook offers an in depth and comprehensive state of the art
survey of the linguistic domains of modality and mood. An
international team of experts in the field examines the full range
of methodological and theoretical approaches to the many facets of
the phenomena involved. Parts 1 and 2 of the volume present the
basic linguistic facts about the systems of modality and mood in
the languages of the world, covering the semantics and the
expression of different subtypes of modality and mood respectively.
The authors also examine the interaction of modality and mood,
mutually and with other semantic categories such as aspect, time,
negation, and evidentiality. In Part 3, authors discuss the
features of the modality and mood systems in five typologically
different language groups, while chapters in Part 4 deal with wider
perspectives on modality and mood: diachrony, areality, first
language acquisition, and sign language. Finally, Part 5 looks at
how modality and mood are handled in different theoretical
approaches: formal syntax, functional linguistics, cognitive
linguistics and construction grammar, and formal semantics.
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