Evidence-based medical guidelines are an inescapable element of current medical practice, but how are they developed? This book interrogates what causes these differences and similarities between guidelines and uncovers the mechanisms behind the development of medical practice guidelines. Four case studies, on lower back pain and on type 2 diabetes in England and the Netherlands, are used to provide a detailed empirical account of the development of medical guidelines. Interviews with guideline developers are combined with a detailed analysis of guideline documents. Theories from science and technology studies, institutional literature, group decision-making, and professional self-regulation are used to demonstrate how the development of guidelines involves a series of subjective choices driven by economic, cultural, institutional and political frames. Medical evidence plays a more limited and nuanced role in guideline construction than might be expected. Professional Regulation and Medical Guidelines sheds light on the power of experts and institutions to shape the governance of healthcare, and argues for greater transparency of the processes by which experts decide on the gold standard of care. The book will be of interest to guideline developers, medical professionals, policy makers, sociologists and lawyers who are interested in the interaction of science and law. It provides rich empirical data into the often opaque and little understood world of rule-making by experts.

Although educators studied for years, many of them are struggling or do not reach their full potential. Real answers to real problems are needed by educators to guide them through the challenges of teaching. This book describes tools, tactics and techniques obtained through practical experiences and classroom observations by the author, infused into it good practices and sound theory. The basic principals of effective teaching and excellent teaching are described in a story format. The outstanding features of the book are the readable, constructive and useful instrument for educators. Parts, like "The secrets of great teachers" are there to read and re-read for knowledge and inspiration of educators. Teaching is in most cases are lonely in their struggle to survive; this book can be the mentor as well as the knowledgeable companion for educators. The practical answers are given to the question "What would experienced educator do in challenging situations?"

Fundamentalism fuses religion and politics, and in this compelling book Johannes J. G. Jansen describes and analyzes from original Arabic sources the Islamic incarnation of such a fusion. He offers comparisons with millenarian and revivalist movements in other religious traditions to suggest a basic structural similarity in fundamentalism of different creeds. Fundamentalism rejects a core belief of modernity the separation of religion and politics and so, according to Jansen, always has an antimodern or reactionary basis.To explore the logic of contemporary fundamentalist ideology, Jansen draws on the work of the two dominant Islamic commentators on religion and politics, Al-Afghani from the nineteenth century and Ibn Taymiyya from the fourteenth. He examines the theological bases of Muslim militancy, and in particular the justification of violent political action, in the more recent writings of Sayyid Qutb. Further chapters discuss the execution of Shukri Mustafa in Cairo in 1978, in an unsuccessful attempt by the Egyptian authorities to intimidate the fundamentalists; inventory antifundamentlist arguments within contemporary Islam; and examine fundamentalist attitudes toward other Peoples of the Book, particularly Jews, and toward women as political agents. Jansen concludes with an analysis of various attempts within Arab political culture to deal with Islamic fundamentalism."

As far as it is know, this trio was never published during Ferranti's lifetime. In all letters, essays and reviews, there is barely a mention of other guitarist other than Ferranti himself. This is partly explained by the fact that Ferranti had a wide artistic circle and an unusually broad spectrum of interests, but it is something to do with his enormous vanity as well.