This important study in ethnomusicology is an attempt by the author -- a musician who has become a social anthropologist -- to compare his experiences of music-making in different cultures. He is here presenting new information resulting from his research into African music, especially among the Venda. Venda music, he discovered is in its way no less complex in structure than European music. Literacy and the invention of nation may generate extended musical structures, but they express differences of degree, and not the difference in kind that is implied by the distinction between 'art' and 'folk' music. Many, if not all, of music's essential processes may be found in the constitution of the human body and in patterns of interaction of human bodies in society. Thus all music is structurally, as well as functionally, 'folk' music in the sense that music cannot be transmitted of have meaning without associations between people.

If John Blacking's guess about the biological and social origins of music is correct, or even only partly correct, it would generate new ideas about the nature of musicality, the role of music in education and its general role in societies which (like the Venda in the context of their traditional economy) will have more leisure time as automation increases.

The concept of lean production is not new, but the challenges of dramatic change management often stymie business leaders trying to put lean operations into place. This newly-revised and greatly expanded volume aims to provide a readable, real-world roadmap for putting into place the indispensable strategy and tactics managers need to make lean work and move their organizations - whether manufacturing or service-based - toward a world-class production system. Drawing upon decades of experience in the front lines of lean production and organizational transformation, the author provides cases, anecdotes, examples, rationales and concrete tools to help business leaders stop talking about lean production and actually make progress toward achieving it. It's the perfect resource for leaders at all levels who are interested in improving their competitiveness, building more successful operations, and moving toward world-class performance in customer satisfaction, profitability, and employee satisfaction. Contains in-depth "insight" chapters that explore key principles of the strategy with detailed explanations, examples, anecdotes, graphics, and comments by business leaders experienced in each area. Addresses the use of lean production principles and tools in service organizations and small companies. Provides actual case histories of successful implementation in a variety of organizations. Includes explanatory graphics and charts, including key steps and measurements for use in implementation. Features an extensive glossary and additional recommended reading. What is a Lean, World-Class, Production System? Getting Lean-the Route to World-Class Production Japanese Roots-Toyota, Toyota, Toyota Building the Foundation-Employee Involvement, and the Example of Boeing's 757 Airplane Productivity Program Erecting the Roof-the Crucial Role of Leaders Promoting the Process-the Power of the Promotion Office Japan Study Missions-the Power of Learning and Doing Champions, Consultants, Sensei-the Differences and Their Key Roles The Roadmap-Striving for Perfection Through Kaizen Beyond Manufacturing-the Office and Service Industry Wasteland Summary: The Opportunity is Yours to Choose Appendix I: Ten Lessons for a Lean, World-Class Production System Appendix II: Further Reading Appendix III: Glossary

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to housing policy and finance in Britain. It describes changes in the condition and tenure of housing in the post-war period, and contrasts the massive investment in house building and improvement with allegations that housing conditions are deteriorating. It describes the rise of the public housing sector and the slight decline in the face of the Thatcher government's policy on council house sales, which followed. The book thus provides a background for the development of housing policy over the next decade.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to housing policy and finance in Britain. It describes changes in the condition and tenure of housing in the post-war period, and contrasts the massive investment in house building and improvement with allegations that housing conditions are deteriorating. It describes the rise of the public housing sector and the slight decline in the face of the Thatcher government's policy on council house sales, which followed. The book thus provides a background for the development of housing policy over the next decade.

Originally published in 1981, Urban Transport Planning explains how the systems approach has been applied in the planning of multi-modal transport planning and to demonstrate how a city may be represented by land use zones superimposed with a transport network. It discusses theoretical developments and demonstrates their application to practical problems of planning by using actual case studies. By treating the urban area as a system, and recognising the fundamental interactions between land use, traffic and transport, the study shows how it is possible to predict the future demands for travel, how transport requirements are determined and how alternative plans are formulated and evaluated.

The long-awaited companion to the award-winning Browse's Introduction to the Symptoms and Signs of Surgical Disease; this book explains clearly how the pathological features and extent of the disease dictate the necessary diagnostic investigations and treatment. Each chapter will include 3 sections: (1) Relevant Pathology - a brief description of the important pathological features of the disease relevant to the clinical diagnosis, the investigations and treatment. (2) Investigations - covering significant diagnostic clinical findings; radiological, biochemical, haematological, immunological, and pathological investigations, and genetics. The relevance of the investigations will be clearly defined, whether they confirm the diagnosis, or detect the local extent of the disease, the distant spread of the disease, or other systemic effects of the disease. The work will also cover investigations for detecting other diseases relevant to management; and investigations that help exclude confusing differential diagnoses. (3) Treatment - to review all aspects of management; this section will summarize the diagnostic information required to plan management: it will describe each method of treatment available, discuss the indications for each treatment, describe any special preparation and pre-treatment care, any post-treatment care and the complications of treatment, enumerate the results of treatment, and provide a management plan. The 2-book set will provide all the information necessary for the clinical years of undergraduate study, through to surgery at foundation years 1 and 2, planning for the MRCS exams, and beyond.

Originally published in 1981, Urban Transport Planning explains how the systems approach has been applied in the planning of multi-modal transport planning and to demonstrate how a city may be represented by land use zones superimposed with a transport network. It discusses theoretical developments and demonstrates their application to practical problems of planning by using actual case studies. By treating the urban area as a system, and recognising the fundamental interactions between land use, traffic and transport, the study shows how it is possible to predict the future demands for travel, how transport requirements are determined and how alternative plans are formulated and evaluated.

One of the most important ethnomusicologists of the century, John Blacking is known for his interest in the relationship of music to biology, psychology, dance and politics. He attempted to document the ways in which music-making expresses the human condition, how it transcends social divisions and how it can be used to improve the quality of human life. This volume brings together eight of Blacking's most important theoretical papers which reveal his theoretical themes such as the innateness of musical ability, the properties of music as a symbolic or quasi-linguistic system, the complex relation between music and social institutions and the relation between scientific musical analysis and cultural understanding.

John Blacking is widely recognized for his theoretical works "How Musical Is Man?" and "The Anthropology of the Body." This series of essays and articles on the music of the Venda people of the northern Transvaal in South Africa constitutes his major scholarly legacy.
"Venda Children's Songs" presents a detailed analysis of both the music and the cultural significance of children's songs among the Venda. Among its many original contributions is the identifying of the role of melody in generating rhythm, something that distinguishes this form of music from that of Venda adults as well as from other genres of African music in general.