Dr. Hueck explains in the "History and Development of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop" some ideas on the genesis of the Workshop. The reader should understand that this volume is a preliminary analysis of a problem that has not received much attention. The case histories, for example, are illustrative because one volume cannot include all histories, or even those in Europe. Consequently, case histories are lacking on many parts of the world, including central Europe and North America, not because these are unimportant or less disastrous ecologically than the case histories covered, but because selecting only a few illustrative cases was possible. The geographic and ecological coverage was originally much broader, but, unfortunately, some participants were unable to attend and this resulted in an even more skewed distribution geographically. However, participants generally agreed that the information necessary to analyze the problem was covered in sufficient depth by those in attendance and that other case histories would have been interesting, but would probably not have caused substantive changes in the conclusions or recommendations. The Workshop organizers did not selectively choose people, companies, or countries to the exclusion of others. The committee selected a broad array of people, countries, and industries, and the participants were those able to corne, prepare a manuscript, and meet the other conditions. Thus, what appears to be a skewed distribution was not planned as such, but was the consequence of people being unable to attend for various reasons.

A legacy of care. Hailed as one of the world's top-ranked medical schools, the UBC Faculty of Medicine is globally recognized as a leader in medical education and health sciences research. In celebration of its 70th anniversary, this richly illustrated history is an inspiring reflection on the Faculty's rise from humble beginnings to its standing today as a beacon of excellence. This beautifully illustrated book documents the history of the UBC Faculty of Medicine, from its creation to the present day. Tracing the trials, tribulations, and triumphs of the many people who strove to first bring the Faculty into existence, and then to ensure its success, it is a testament to their work in transforming aspiration into reality. Unlikely though it may seem today, the UBC Faculty of Medicine's creation was threatened from the moment British Columbia entered Confederation in 1871. Proposals for a provincial medical school encountered myriad challenges. There was no university until 1915, and it took eight decades from the early dream to enrollment of the first medical students. And yet, establishing the medical school was only the first of many milestones reached despite great odds. Today, the Faculty's medical undergraduate program is the fourth largest in North America. Its faculty members have garnered numerous illustrious awards-including the Nobel Prize. Its province-wide, distributed undergraduate and postgraduate program, established in 2004 as the first of its kind in Canada, is developing a new generation of doctors, bringing health education to remote regions and communities, and enhancing the quality of health care. And its researchers continue to make breakthroughs in the priority areas of precision health, cancer, brain and mental health, heart and lung health, population health, and chronic diseases as well as across the breadth of health and life sciences.

There are so many ways in which health might be improved today and, as technology improves, the opportunities will increase. However, there are limits to budgets as well as other resources so choices have to be made about what to spend money and time on. Economic evaluation can help set out the value of the costs and benefits from competing choices. This book examines how to undertake economic evaluation of health care interventions in low, middle and high income countries. It covers: Ways in which economic evaluations might be structured Approaches to measuring and valuing costs and effects Interpreting and presenting evidence Appraising the quality and usefulness of economic evaluations Series Editors: Rosalind Plowman and Nicki Thorogood.

Cancer has become the scourge of the twentieth century. It was always part of the human condition, but until recently it was not a common cause of death because most people died from the infectious diseases. Now that so many of us will live long enough to develop cancer, we need to learn as much about it as we can. This requires some understanding of molecular biology. John Cairns has made significant contributions to cancer research, molecular biology, and virology. He believes that it is possible to explain what is known about cancer and about molecular biology in terms that are easily understood by people with little or no scientific training. In this fascinating book, he explores the revolution in public health, the origins and principles of molecular biology, and our emerging understanding of the causes of cancer. Finally, he discusses how these developments are likely to affect future generations.

As Cairns points out, the last two hundred years have altered our life expectations beyond all recognition. Even in the less developed nations of the world, people are starting to believe that everyone ought to be able to live into old age and be protected from the major causes of premature death. This change in our expectations is one of the major benefits of technology and the biological sciences. But the resulting explosion in the human population ultimately threatens everything we have gained by scientific progress.