Doppler Applications in LEO Satellite Communication Systems develops and presents an important class of techniques useful in the construction of little Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. It centers on the very significant Doppler shift that attends communications through a LEO satellite and shows how this phenomenon can be exploited for an unexpected benefit. The techniques taught in the book are expected to be particularly attractive to system engineers because ground-based transceivers must generally compensate for the large Doppler component and therefore the necessary receiver processing loops are often already in place and expensed. This volume starts with a recounting of the characteristics of a LEO satellite and its orbit. The 2nd chapter addresses the LEO orbital geometry and reviews the Doppler effect attending LEO communications. Chapter three is focused on the important task of estimating the Doppler at a ground terminal. Appropriate signal processing algorithms are reviewed. Chapter four is concerned with predicting LEO satellite visibility. Chapters five and six are, respectively, devoted to the use of the significant LEO Doppler as an aid in a new traffic flow control protocol and as an aid for effecting communications power control. The last chapter describes MATLAB (R) based analysis. Doppler Applications in LEO Satellite Communication Systems provides a thorough review of the LEO Doppler phenomenon.

Hadamard Matrix Analysis and Synthesis: With Applications to Communications and Signal/Image Processing presents the basic concepts of Sylvester's construction of Hadamard matrices, the eigenvalue-eigenvector decompositions, along with its relationship to Fourier transforms. Relevant computational structures are included for those interested in implementing the Hadamard transform. The 2-dimensional Hadamard transform is discussed in terms of a 1- dimensional transform. The applications presented touch on statistics, error correction coding theory, communications signaling, Boolean function analysis and synthesis, image processing, sequence theory (maximal length binary sequences, composite sequences, and Thue-Morse sequences) and signal representation. An interesting application of the Hadamard transform to images is the Naturalness Preserving Transform (NPT), which is presented. The NPT provides a way to encode an image that can be reconstructed when it is transmitted through a noisy or an unfriendly channel. The potential applications of the Hadamard transform are wide and the book samples many of the important concepts among a vast field of applications of the transform. Hadamard Matrix Analysis and Synthesis: With Applications to Communications and Signal/Image Processing serves as an excellent reference source and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.

A new breed of engineer is developing in our contemporary society. These engineers are concerned with communications and computers, economics and regulation. These new engineers apply themselves to data-to its pack aging, transmission, and protection. They are data engineers. Formal curricula do not yet exist for their dedicated development. Rather they learn most of their tools "on the job" and their roots are in computer engineering, communications engineering, and applied mathe matics. There is a need to draw relevant material together and present it so that those who wish to become data engineers can do so, for the betterment of themselves, their employer, their country, and, ultimately, the world-for we share the belief that the most effective tool for world peace and stability is neither politics nor armaments, but rather the open and timely exchange of information. This book has been written with that goal in mind. Today numerous signs encourage us to expect broader information exchange in the years to come. The movement toward a true Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is perhaps the clearest of these. Also, the development offormal protocol layers reflects both a great deal of brilliance and compromise and also the desire for a common language among data engineers."

Doppler Applications in LEO Satellite Communication Systems develops and presents an important class of techniques useful in the construction of little Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems. It centers on the very significant Doppler shift that attends communications through a LEO satellite and shows how this phenomenon can be exploited for an unexpected benefit. The techniques taught in the book are expected to be particularly attractive to system engineers because ground-based transceivers must generally compensate for the large Doppler component and therefore the necessary receiver processing loops are often already in place and expensed. This volume starts with a recounting of the characteristics of a LEO satellite and its orbit. The 2nd chapter addresses the LEO orbital geometry and reviews the Doppler effect attending LEO communications. Chapter three is focused on the important task of estimating the Doppler at a ground terminal. Appropriate signal processing algorithms are reviewed. Chapter four is concerned with predicting LEO satellite visibility. Chapters five and six are, respectively, devoted to the use of the significant LEO Doppler as an aid in a new traffic flow control protocol and as an aid for effecting communications power control. The last chapter describes MATLAB?? based analysis and demonstration CD-Rom software that accompanies the book. The software is, first, a collection of functions useful for calculating satellite orbits, terrestrial contours and regions, and coordinate transformations based on Earth rotation. They are functions that have proven fundamental to the analysis of the traffic flow control protocol described in the book. Second, the software includes a set of user-friendly graphical animation routines that aid in visualization of a LEO orbit, its coverage regions, and the protocol. Doppler Applications in LEO Satellite Communication Systems provides a thorough review of the LEO Doppler phenomenon and, together with included CD-Rom software, provides the know-how and show-how to harvest the benefits of this unexpectedly useful feature.

Perspectives in Spread Spectrum brings together studies and recent work on six exciting topics from the spread spectrum arts. The book gives a wide, collective view of trends, ideas, and techniques in the spread spectrum discipline, due to the authors' extensive work on spread spectrum techniques and applications from different vantage points. The inexorable march of electronics towards ever faster, ever smaller, and ever more powerful electronic and optical circuitry has wrought, and will continue to enable, profound changes in the spread spectrum arts, by allowing increasingly complex signalling waveforms and statistical tests to be implemented as the theory beyond spread spectrum continues to evolve. Perspectives in Spread Spectrum is divided into six chapters. The first chapter deals with sequence spreading design. There is not a single metric for design of spreading sequences; rather, the design is ideally tailored to the specific scenario of usage. This chapter delves into recent and very promising synthesis work. The second chapter deals with OFDM techniques. As channels become wider and trans-channel fading (or jamming) becomes frequency selective across the band, OFDM techniques may provide a powerful alternative design perspective. The third chapter is a generalization of the venerable Walsh functions. A new modulation scheme, Geometric Harmonic Modulation, GHM for short, is reviewed and characterized as a form of OFDM. From GHM, a further generalization of the Walsh functions is derived for non-binary signalling. The fourth chapter is concerned with some new and exciting results regarding the follower jammer paradigm. A counter-countermeasure technique is reviewed, notable for its counterintuitive characteristic which can be understood from a simple yet elegant game framework. The fifth chapter recounts some results pertaining to random coding for an optical spread spectrum link. The technique is based on laser speckle statistics and uses a coherent array of spatial light modulators at the transmitter but allows the receiver to be realized as a spatially distributed radiometric and therefore incoherent structure. The sixth and final chapter looks at an important and interesting application of spread spectrum to accurately locate a wideband, 'bent pipe', satellite transponder. It is, in a strong sense, an inverted GPS technique. Perspectives in Spread Spectrum serves as an excellent reference and source of ideas for further research, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.

Hadamard Matrix Analysis and Synthesis: With Applications to Communications and Signal/Image Processing presents the basic concepts of Sylvester's construction of Hadamard matrices, the eigenvalue-eigenvector decompositions, along with its relationship to Fourier transforms. Relevant computational structures are included for those interested in implementing the Hadamard transform. The 2-dimensional Hadamard transform is discussed in terms of a 1- dimensional transform. The applications presented touch on statistics, error correction coding theory, communications signaling, Boolean function analysis and synthesis, image processing, sequence theory (maximal length binary sequences, composite sequences, and Thue-Morse sequences) and signal representation. An interesting application of the Hadamard transform to images is the Naturalness Preserving Transform (NPT), which is presented. The NPT provides a way to encode an image that can be reconstructed when it is transmitted through a noisy or an unfriendly channel. The potential applications of the Hadamard transform are wide and the book samples many of the important concepts among a vast field of applications of the transform. Hadamard Matrix Analysis and Synthesis: With Applications to Communications and Signal/Image Processing serves as an excellent reference source and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.