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In recent decades there has been increasing historical interest in
various aspects of local urban politics, resulting in a much better
understanding of the recruitment and socio-economic characteristics
of municipal leadership and the exercise of power at a local level.
However, much less is known about the highly important offices and
office-holders standing at the ceremonial, political and executive
head of towns and cities. Through a comparative analysis of
mayoralty since1800, this volume explores the characteristics of
the office in relation to such issues as the constitutional
position of mayors, their ceremonial and executive roles, their
representational status in relation to local, regional and central
authority, and their public visibility, which at various times has
been used to highlight or blur issues of race, gender, politics or
religion within a community. Drawing on examples from contrasting
national contexts in Eastern and Western Europe, and North America,
and with contributions from both historians and political
scientists, this book will be welcomed as an important step in
providing a much fuller international picture of the development
and nature of urban governance.
This international collection provides a comprehensive overview of
twin cities in different circumstances - from the emergent to the
recently amalgamated, on 'soft' and 'hard' borders, with
post-colonial heritage, in post-conflict environments and under
strain. With examples from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia,
South America, North America and the Caribbean, the volume sees
twin cities as intense thermometers for developments in the wider
urban world globally. It offers interdisciplinary perspectives that
bridge history, politics, culture, economy, geography and other
fields, applying these lenses to examples of twin cities in remote
places. Providing a comparative approach and drawing on a range of
methodologies, the book explores where and how twin cities arise;
what twin cities can tell us about international borders; and the
way in which some twin cities bear the spatial marks of their
colonial past. The chapters explore the impact on twin-city
relations of contemporary pressures, such as mass migration, the
rise of populism, East-West tensions, international crime,
surveillance, rebordering trends and epidemiological risks
triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. With case studies across the
continents, this volume for the first time extends twin-city
debates to fictional imaginings of twin cities. Twin Cities across
Five Continents is a valuable resource for researchers in the
fields of anthropology, history, geography, urban studies, border
studies, international relations and global development as well as
for students in these disciplines.
This dynamic international collection provides a comprehensive
overview of twin cities on administrative and international borders
across the world. Drawing on contemporary and historical examples,
it documents constant and changing features of twinned communities
over time. The chapters explore a variety of urban formations
including independent cities located side-by-side; cities that have
merged over decades or even centuries and those projected to merge;
cities partitioned by treaties and cities duplicated in pursuit of
better security, intensified trade or both between neighbouring
countries. From Europe to Africa, North America to the Middle East,
South America to Asia, this book focuses on relationships between
cities, citizens and municipal/international borders. A
cartographical contents and editorial commentary guide readers
through diverse contributions. The authors ask how far cities are
changing or remaining constant in the context of conurbanisation,
Europeanisation and globalization. The book provides a glimpse into
the variety of roles twin cities can play globally: from
laboratories of integration and para-diplomatic actors to economic
and cultural brokers. This is a valuable, engaging resource for
researchers in the fields of geography, urban studies, border
studies, international relations and global development. It will be
of great use to individuals involved in twin-city initiatives and
general readers.
This dynamic international collection provides a comprehensive
overview of twin cities on administrative and international borders
across the world. Drawing on contemporary and historical examples,
it documents constant and changing features of twinned communities
over time. The chapters explore a variety of urban formations
including independent cities located side-by-side; cities that have
merged over decades or even centuries and those projected to merge;
cities partitioned by treaties and cities duplicated in pursuit of
better security, intensified trade or both between neighbouring
countries. From Europe to Africa, North America to the Middle East,
South America to Asia, this book focuses on relationships between
cities, citizens and municipal/international borders. A
cartographical contents and editorial commentary guide readers
through diverse contributions. The authors ask how far cities are
changing or remaining constant in the context of conurbanisation,
Europeanisation and globalization. The book provides a glimpse into
the variety of roles twin cities can play globally: from
laboratories of integration and para-diplomatic actors to economic
and cultural brokers. This is a valuable, engaging resource for
researchers in the fields of geography, urban studies, border
studies, international relations and global development. It will be
of great use to individuals involved in twin-city initiatives and
general readers.
In recent decades there has been increasing historical interest in
various aspects of local urban politics, resulting in a much better
understanding of the recruitment and socio-economic characteristics
of municipal leadership and the exercise of power at a local level.
However, much less is known about the highly important offices and
office-holders standing at the ceremonial, political and executive
head of towns and cities. Through a comparative analysis of
mayoralty since1800, this volume explores the characteristics of
the office in relation to such issues as the constitutional
position of mayors, their ceremonial and executive roles, their
representational status in relation to local, regional and central
authority, and their public visibility, which at various times has
been used to highlight or blur issues of race, gender, politics or
religion within a community. Drawing on examples from contrasting
national contexts in Eastern and Western Europe, and North America,
and with contributions from both historians and political
scientists, this book will be welcomed as an important step in
providing a much fuller international picture of the development
and nature of urban governance.
"Selected papers from the Fourth World Congress for Soviet and East
European Studies, Harrogate, 1990."
Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent is the first book to fully explore the
expansive and ill-understood role that Russia's ancient Christian
faith has played in the fall of Soviet Communism and in the rise of
Russian nationalism today. John and Carol Garrard tell the story of
how the Orthodox Church's moral weight helped defeat the 1991 coup
against Gorbachev launched by Communist Party hardliners. The
Soviet Union disintegrated, leaving Russians searching for a usable
past. The Garrards reveal how Patriarch Aleksy II--a former KGB
officer and the man behind the church's successful defeat of the
coup--is reconstituting a new national idea in the church's own
image. In the new Russia, the former KGB who run the
country--Vladimir Putin among them--proclaim the cross, not the
hammer and sickle. Meanwhile, a majority of Russians now embrace
the Orthodox faith with unprecedented fervor. The Garrards trace
how Aleksy orchestrated this transformation, positioning his church
to inherit power once held by the Communist Party and to become the
dominant ethos of the military and government. They show how the
revived church under Aleksy prevented mass violence during the
post-Soviet turmoil, and how Aleksy astutely linked the church with
the army and melded Russian patriotism and faith. Russian Orthodoxy
Resurgent argues that the West must come to grips with this complex
and contradictory resurgence of the Orthodox faith, because it is
the hidden force behind Russia's domestic and foreign policies
today.
Much more than just a conventional history of franchise reform, this book explores the process whereby British politics was democratised - and tries to account for its relative success. Britain is set within the context of successive waves of democratisation which have been in progress internationally since 1800. The author examines the role of British political elites, and the strength and character of civil society amongst the social groups included from 1832 onwards. He also analyses the democratisation of electoral behaviour.
The USSR's Writer's Union, a form of cultural and political
organization unknown in the West, has ruled every aspect of Russian
writers' private and professional lives from the time of Stalin to
the present day. This book shows how the union has operated over
the last five decades.
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