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Careful work with concepts is a cornerstone of good social science
methodology. Concepts and Method in Social Science demonstrates the
crucial role of concepts, providing a timely contribution that
draws both on the classic work of Giovanni Sartori and the writing
of a younger generation of scholars. In this volume, major writings
of Sartori are juxtaposed with other work that exemplifies
important approaches to concept analysis. The book is organized
into three key sections: Part I : Sartori on Concepts and Methods -
including an examination of the necessary logical steps in moving
from conceptualization to measurement and the relationships among
meanings, terms and observations. Part II: Extending the Sartori
Tradition - eminent scholars analyse five key ideas in concept
analysis: revolution, culture, democracy, peasants and
institutionalization within the context of the Sartori tradition.
Part III: In the Academy and Beyond - both an engaging
autobiographical essay written by Giovanni Sartori and reflections
from former students provide a unique context in which to situate
this varied and rigorous discussion of concept analysis and
qualitative methods. Concepts and Method in Social Science is an
accessible text that is well suited to advanced undergraduates and
graduate students, providing a distinct and coherent introduction
to comparative political analysis.
Careful work with concepts is a cornerstone of good social science
methodology. Concepts and Method in Social Science demonstrates the
crucial role of concepts, providing a timely contribution that
draws both on the classic work of Giovanni Sartori and the writing
of a younger generation of scholars. In this volume, major writings
of Sartori are juxtaposed with other work that exemplifies
important approaches to concept analysis. The book is organized
into three key sections: Part I : Sartori on Concepts and Methods -
including an examination of the necessary logical steps in moving
from conceptualization to measurement and the relationships among
meanings, terms and observations. Part II: Extending the Sartori
Tradition - eminent scholars analyse five key ideas in concept
analysis: revolution, culture, democracy, peasants and
institutionalization within the context of the Sartori tradition.
Part III: In the Academy and Beyond - both an engaging
autobiographical essay written by Giovanni Sartori and reflections
from former students provide a unique context in which to situate
this varied and rigorous discussion of concept analysis and
qualitative methods. Concepts and Method in Social Science is an
accessible text that is well suited to advanced undergraduates and
graduate students, providing a distinct and coherent introduction
to comparative political analysis.
Case Study Research: Principles and Practices provides a general
understanding of the case study method as well as specific tools
for its successful implementation. These tools are applicable in a
variety of fields including anthropology, business and management,
communications, economics, education, medicine, political science,
psychology, social work, and sociology. Topics include: a survey of
case study approaches; a methodologically tractable definition of
'case study'; strategies for case selection, including random
sampling and other algorithmic approaches; quantitative and
qualitative modes of case study analysis; and problems of internal
and external validity. The second edition of this core textbook is
designed to be accessible to readers who are new to the subject and
is thoroughly revised and updated, incorporating recent research,
numerous up-to-date studies and comprehensive lecture slides.
The most important step in social science research is the first
step - finding a topic. Unfortunately, little guidance on this
crucial and difficult challenge is available. Methodological
studies and courses tend to focus on theory testing rather than
theory generation. This book aims to redress that imbalance. The
first part of the book offers an overview of the book's central
concerns. How do social scientists arrive at ideas for their work?
What are the different ways in which a study can contribute to
knowledge in a field? The second part of the book offers
suggestions about how to think creatively, including general
strategies for finding a topic and heuristics for discovery. The
third part of the book shows how data exploration may assist in
generating theories and hypotheses. The fourth part of the book
offers suggestions about how to fashion disparate ideas into a
theory.
This textbook provides a clear, concise, and comprehensive
introduction to methodological issues encountered by the various
social science disciplines. It emphasizes applications, with
detailed examples, so that readers can put these methods to work in
their research. Within a unified framework, John Gerring and Dino
Christenson integrate a variety of methods - descriptive and
causal, observational and experimental, qualitative and
quantitative. The text covers a wide range of topics including
research design, data-gathering techniques, statistics, theoretical
frameworks, and social science writing. It is designed both for
those attempting to make sense of social science, as well as those
aiming to conduct original research. The text is accompanied by
online practice questions, exercises, examples, and additional
resources, including related readings and websites. An essential
resource for undergraduate and postgraduate programs in
communications, criminal justice, economics, business, finance,
management, education, environmental policy, international
development, law, political science, public health, public policy,
social work, sociology, and urban planning.
Case Study Research: Principles and Practices provides a general
understanding of the case study method as well as specific tools
for its successful implementation. These tools are applicable in a
variety of fields including anthropology, business and management,
communications, economics, education, medicine, political science,
psychology, social work, and sociology. Topics include: a survey of
case study approaches; a methodologically tractable definition of
'case study'; strategies for case selection, including random
sampling and other algorithmic approaches; quantitative and
qualitative modes of case study analysis; and problems of internal
and external validity. The second edition of this core textbook is
designed to be accessible to readers who are new to the subject and
is thoroughly revised and updated, incorporating recent research,
numerous up-to-date studies and comprehensive lecture slides.
John Gerring's exceptional textbook has been thoroughly revised in
this second edition. It offers a one-volume introduction to social
science methodology relevant to the disciplines of anthropology,
economics, history, political science, psychology and sociology.
This new edition has been extensively developed with the
introduction of new material and a thorough treatment of essential
elements such as conceptualization, measurement, causality and
research design. It is written for students, long-time
practitioners and methodologists and covers both qualitative and
quantitative methods. It synthesizes the vast and diverse field of
methodology in a way that is clear, concise and comprehensive.
While offering a handy overview of the subject, the book is also an
argument about how we should conceptualize methodological problems.
Thinking about methodology through this lens provides a new
framework for understanding work in the social sciences.
Is American politics "ideological," or relatively consensual? Do the American parties differ from one another and, if so, how? Party Ideologies in America, 1828-1996 is a synthetic history and analysis of the ideologies of the major American parties from the early nineteenth century to the present. It is the only book currently in print that attempts such a broad treatment of the subject and that is empirically grounded.
John Gerring's exceptional textbook has been thoroughly revised in
this second edition. It offers a one-volume introduction to social
science methodology relevant to the disciplines of anthropology,
economics, history, political science, psychology and sociology.
This new edition has been extensively developed with the
introduction of new material and a thorough treatment of essential
elements such as conceptualization, measurement, causality and
research design. It is written for students, long-time
practitioners and methodologists and covers both qualitative and
quantitative methods. It synthesizes the vast and diverse field of
methodology in a way that is clear, concise and comprehensive.
While offering a handy overview of the subject, the book is also an
argument about how we should conceptualize methodological problems.
Thinking about methodology through this lens provides a new
framework for understanding work in the social sciences.
This unique book shows ECGs as they really appear in everyday
practice and not in the usual format as presented in textbooks.
Each of the 100 traces is accompanied by a list of the main
diagnostic features along with a full report of the ECG, noting any
other clinical details that may be important. Boxes list the common
causes of the abnormalities shown. Key features of the ECG are
reproduced again using annotations to guide the reader. Thus the
book provides in itself a collection of full 12-lead ECGs of a wide
range of common clinical problems encountered in casualty. This
collection of traces, updated for this Third Edition with new
cases, will be invaluable to all involved in the diagnosis of the
most commonly encountered ECG abnormalities. Provides full size and
realistic reproduction of 12-lead ECGs Includes a wide range of
cardiac abnormalities Highlights the diagnostic criteria for each
abnormality listed Reflects how this subject is encountered in
practice Assists the reader by illustrating alongside the key
features of the recording; thus these can be viewed in relation to
the whole trace The Third Edition is spiral bound to make it easier
for a reader to lay the ECG traces flat for study. Several new
cases are included plus a new section on the approach to the ECG
has been added.
Whilst a great deal of progress has been made in recent decades,
concerns persist about the course of the social sciences. Progress
in these disciplines is hard to assess and core scientific goals
such as discovery, transparency, reproducibility, and cumulation
remain frustratingly out of reach. Despite having technical acumen
and an array tools at their disposal, today's social scientists may
be only slightly better equipped to vanquish error and construct an
edifice of truth than their forbears - who conducted analyses with
slide rules and wrote up results with typewriters. This volume
considers the challenges facing the social sciences, as well as
possible solutions. In doing so, we adopt a systemic view of the
subject matter. What are the rules and norms governing behavior in
the social sciences? What kinds of research, and which sorts of
researcher, succeed and fail under the current system? In what ways
does this incentive structure serve, or subvert, the goal of
scientific progress?
Enlisting a natural experiment, global surveys, and historical
data, this book examines the university's evolution and its
contemporary impact. Its authors conduct an unprecedented big-data
comparative study of the consequences of higher education on
ideology, democratic citizenship, and more. They conclude that
university education has a profound effect on social and political
attitudes across the world, greater than that registered by social
class, gender, or age. A university education enhances political
trust and participation, reduces propensities to crime and
corruption, and builds support for democracy. It generates more
tolerant attitudes toward social deviance, enhances respect for
rationalist inquiry and scientific authority, and usually
encourages support for Leftist parties and movements. It does not
nurture support for taxation, redistribution, or the welfare state,
and may stimulate opposition to these policies. These effects are
summarized by the co-authors as liberal, understood in its classic,
nineteenth-century meaning.
Every country, every subnational government, and every district has
a designated population, and this has a bearing on politics in ways
most citizens and policymakers are barely aware of. Population and
Politics provides a comprehensive evaluation of the political
implications stemming from the size of a political unit - on social
cohesion, the number of representatives, overall
representativeness, particularism ('pork'), citizen engagement and
participation, political trust, electoral contestation, leadership
succession, professionalism in government, power concentration in
the central apparatus of the state, government intervention, civil
conflict, and overall political power. A multimethod approach
combines field research in small states and islands with
cross-country and within-country data analysis. Population and
Politics will be of interest to academics, policymakers, and anyone
concerned with decentralization and multilevel governance.
Varieties of Democracy is the essential user's guide to The
Varieties of Democracy project (V-Dem), one of the most ambitious
data collection efforts in comparative politics. This global
research collaboration sparked a dramatic change in how we study
the nature, causes, and consequences of democracy. This book is
ambitious in scope: more than a reference guide, it raises
standards for causal inferences in democratization research and
introduces new, measurable, concepts of democracy and many
political institutions. Varieties of Democracy enables anyone
interested in democracy - teachers, students, journalists,
activists, researchers and others - to analyze V-Dem data in new
and exciting ways. This book creates opportunities for V-Dem data
to be used in education, research, news analysis, advocacy, policy
work, and elsewhere. V-Dem is rapidly becoming the preferred source
for democracy data.
This textbook provides a clear, concise, and comprehensive
introduction to methodological issues encountered by the various
social science disciplines. It emphasizes applications, with
detailed examples, so that readers can put these methods to work in
their research. Within a unified framework, John Gerring and Dino
Christenson integrate a variety of methods - descriptive and
causal, observational and experimental, qualitative and
quantitative. The text covers a wide range of topics including
research design, data-gathering techniques, statistics, theoretical
frameworks, and social science writing. It is designed both for
those attempting to make sense of social science, as well as those
aiming to conduct original research. The text is accompanied by
online practice questions, exercises, examples, and additional
resources, including related readings and websites. An essential
resource for undergraduate and postgraduate programs in
communications, criminal justice, economics, business, finance,
management, education, environmental policy, international
development, law, political science, public health, public policy,
social work, sociology, and urban planning.
Every country, every subnational government, and every district has
a designated population, and this has a bearing on politics in ways
most citizens and policymakers are barely aware of. Population and
Politics provides a comprehensive evaluation of the political
implications stemming from the size of a political unit - on social
cohesion, the number of representatives, overall
representativeness, particularism ('pork'), citizen engagement and
participation, political trust, electoral contestation, leadership
succession, professionalism in government, power concentration in
the central apparatus of the state, government intervention, civil
conflict, and overall political power. A multimethod approach
combines field research in small states and islands with
cross-country and within-country data analysis. Population and
Politics will be of interest to academics, policymakers, and anyone
concerned with decentralization and multilevel governance.
Whilst a great deal of progress has been made in recent decades,
concerns persist about the course of the social sciences. Progress
in these disciplines is hard to assess and core scientific goals
such as discovery, transparency, reproducibility, and cumulation
remain frustratingly out of reach. Despite having technical acumen
and an array tools at their disposal, today's social scientists may
be only slightly better equipped to vanquish error and construct an
edifice of truth than their forbears - who conducted analyses with
slide rules and wrote up results with typewriters. This volume
considers the challenges facing the social sciences, as well as
possible solutions. In doing so, we adopt a systemic view of the
subject matter. What are the rules and norms governing behavior in
the social sciences? What kinds of research, and which sorts of
researcher, succeed and fail under the current system? In what ways
does this incentive structure serve, or subvert, the goal of
scientific progress?
Enlisting a natural experiment, global surveys, and historical
data, this book examines the university's evolution and its
contemporary impact. Its authors conduct an unprecedented big-data
comparative study of the consequences of higher education on
ideology, democratic citizenship, and more. They conclude that
university education has a profound effect on social and political
attitudes across the world, greater than that registered by social
class, gender, or age. A university education enhances political
trust and participation, reduces propensities to crime and
corruption, and builds support for democracy. It generates more
tolerant attitudes toward social deviance, enhances respect for
rationalist inquiry and scientific authority, and usually
encourages support for Leftist parties and movements. It does not
nurture support for taxation, redistribution, or the welfare state,
and may stimulate opposition to these policies. These effects are
summarized by the co-authors as liberal, understood in its classic,
nineteenth-century meaning.
This book explores the deep roots of modern democracy, focusing on
geography and long-term patterns of global diffusion. Its
geographic argument centers on access to the sea, afforded by
natural harbors which enhance the mobility of people, goods,
capital, and ideas. The extraordinary connectivity of harbor
regions thereby affected economic development, the structure of the
military, statebuilding, and openness to the world - and, through
these pathways, the development of representative democracy. The
authors' second argument focuses on the global diffusion of
representative democracy. Beginning around 1500, Europeans started
to populate distant places abroad. Where Europeans were numerous
they established some form of representative democracy, often with
restrictions limiting suffrage to those of European heritage. Where
they were in the minority, Europeans were more reticent about
popular rule and often actively resisted democratization. Where
Europeans were entirely absent, the concept of representative
democracy was unfamiliar and its practice undeveloped.
The most important step in social science research is the first
step - finding a topic. Unfortunately, little guidance on this
crucial and difficult challenge is available. Methodological
studies and courses tend to focus on theory testing rather than
theory generation. This book aims to redress that imbalance. The
first part of the book offers an overview of the book's central
concerns. How do social scientists arrive at ideas for their work?
What are the different ways in which a study can contribute to
knowledge in a field? The second part of the book offers
suggestions about how to think creatively, including general
strategies for finding a topic and heuristics for discovery. The
third part of the book shows how data exploration may assist in
generating theories and hypotheses. The fourth part of the book
offers suggestions about how to fashion disparate ideas into a
theory.
Varieties of Democracy is the essential user's guide to The
Varieties of Democracy project (V-Dem), one of the most ambitious
data collection efforts in comparative politics. This global
research collaboration sparked a dramatic change in how we study
the nature, causes, and consequences of democracy. This book is
ambitious in scope: more than a reference guide, it raises
standards for causal inferences in democratization research and
introduces new, measurable, concepts of democracy and many
political institutions. Varieties of Democracy enables anyone
interested in democracy - teachers, students, journalists,
activists, researchers and others - to analyze V-Dem data in new
and exciting ways. This book creates opportunities for V-Dem data
to be used in education, research, news analysis, advocacy, policy
work, and elsewhere. V-Dem is rapidly becoming the preferred source
for democracy data.
This book explores the deep roots of modern democracy, focusing on
geography and long-term patterns of global diffusion. Its
geographic argument centers on access to the sea, afforded by
natural harbors which enhance the mobility of people, goods,
capital, and ideas. The extraordinary connectivity of harbor
regions thereby affected economic development, the structure of the
military, statebuilding, and openness to the world - and, through
these pathways, the development of representative democracy. The
authors' second argument focuses on the global diffusion of
representative democracy. Beginning around 1500, Europeans started
to populate distant places abroad. Where Europeans were numerous
they established some form of representative democracy, often with
restrictions limiting suffrage to those of European heritage. Where
they were in the minority, Europeans were more reticent about
popular rule and often actively resisted democratization. Where
Europeans were entirely absent, the concept of representative
democracy was unfamiliar and its practice undeveloped.
This book outlines the importance of political institutions in
achieving good governance within a democratic polity and sets forth
an argument to explore what sorts of institutions do the job best.
By focusing on 'centripetal institutions', which maximize both
representation and authority by bringing political energy and
actors toward the centre of a polity, the authors set forth a
relatively novel theory of democratic governance, applicable to all
political settings in which multi-party competition obtains. Basing
their theory on national-level political institutions, the authors
argue that there are three types of political institutions that are
fundamental in securing a centripetal style of democratic
governance: unitary (rather than federal) sovereignty, a
parliamentary (rather than presidential) executive, and a
closed-list PR electoral system (rather than a single-member
district or preferential-vote system).
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