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Global Geopolitical Power and African Political and Economic
Institutions: When Elephants Fight describes the emergence and
nature of the prevailing African political and economic
institutions in two periods. In the first, most countries adopted
political and economic institutions that funneled significant
levels of political and economic power to the political elites,
usually through one- or no-party (military) political systems,
inward-oriented development policies, and/ or state-led-and often
state-owned-industrialization. In the second period, most countries
adopted institutions that diluted the overarching political and
economic power of ruling elites through the adoption of de jure
multiparty electoral systems, more outward-oriented trade policies,
and the privatization of many state owned or controlled sectors,
though significant political and economic power remains in their
hands. The choices made in each period were consistent with
prevailing ideas on governance and development, the self-interests
of political elites, and the perceived availability of support or
autonomy vis-a-vis domestic, regional, and international sources of
power at the time. This book illustrates how these two region-wide
shifts in prevailing political and economic institutions and
practices of Africa can be linked to two prior global geopolitical
realignments: the end of WWII with the ensuing American and Soviet
led bipolar system, and the end of the Cold War with American
primacy. Each period featured changed or newly empowered
international and regional leaders with competing national
priorities within new intellectual and geopolitical climates,
altering the opportunities and constraints for African leaders in
instituting or maintaining particular political and economic
institutions or practices. The economic and political institutions
of Africa that emerged did so as a result of a complex mix of
contending domestic, regional, and international forces (material
and intellectual)-all which were themselves greatly transformed in
the wake of these two global geopolitical realignments.
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