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A compilation of wonderful tributes to the late Ahmed Zewail
(1946-2016), considered the 'Father of Femtochemistry', a
long-standing icon in the field of physical chemistry, and the
father of ultrafast electron-based methods. The book contains
testimonies by friends and relatives of Zewail and by outstanding
scientists from around the world who worked or have been affiliated
with the Nobel prizewinning professor. Each contribution describes
the author's own unique experience and personal relationship with
Zewail, and includes details of his scientific achievements and the
stories around them. Personal and Scientific Reminiscences collects
accounts from the most important individuals in the physical and
chemical sciences to give us a unique insight into the world and
work of one of the great scientists of our time.
A compilation of wonderful tributes to the late Ahmed Zewail
(1946-2016), considered the 'Father of Femtochemistry', a
long-standing icon in the field of physical chemistry, and the
father of ultrafast electron-based methods. The book contains
testimonies by friends and relatives of Zewail and by outstanding
scientists from around the world who worked or have been affiliated
with the Nobel prizewinning professor. Each contribution describes
the author's own unique experience and personal relationship with
Zewail, and includes details of his scientific achievements and the
stories around them. Personal and Scientific Reminiscences collects
accounts from the most important individuals in the physical and
chemical sciences to give us a unique insight into the world and
work of one of the great scientists of our time.
John Meurig Thomas is a former Director of the Royal Institution of
Great Britain, a former head of the Department of Physical
Chemistry and former Master of Peterhouse, University of Cambridge.
A world-renowned solid-state, materials and surface chemist, he has
been an educator, researcher, academic administrator, author of
university texts, government advisor, industrial consultant and
trustee of national museums in a career spanning over 50 years.
Recipient of many international awards, including the Linus
Pauling, Willard-Gibbs, Kapitza, Natta, Stokes, Davy and Faraday
medals, he is also a fellow of the Royal Society (1977), of the
American Philosophical Society (1993) and of ten other national
academies. He is best known for his fundamental work in
heterogeneous catalysis, chemical electron microscopy and in the
popularisation of science, for which, in conjunction with his
services to chemistry, he was knighted (1991). He is also founding
editor of three scientific journals and editor or co-editor of some
30 monographs. A new mineral, meurigite, was named in his honour
(1995). Most recently in 2016, Sir John was awarded the Royal Medal
for Physical Sciences by the Royal Society.Drawn from over 1200
publications, this volume contains a summarised account of Sir
John's work, with a selection of the new techniques pioneered and
discovered by him and his colleagues. Also included are popular
science articles, and various illustrations of techniques which
have enhanced our knowledge of many facets of condensed matter
science. Contributions from 80 peers, colleagues, former
co-workers, students and friends worldwide who have interacted with
or been influenced by him are a tribute to the professional and
personal life of Sir John, making this book a unique reflective
summary of the work of one of the greatest achievers in modern
British physical science.
For far too long chemists and industrialists have relied on the use
of aggressive reagents such as nitric and sulphuric acids,
permanganates and dichromates to prepare the massive quantities of
both bulk and fine chemicals that are needed for the maintenance of
civilised life - materials such as fuels, fabrics, foodstuffs,
fertilisers and pharmaceuticals. Such aggressive reagents generate
vast quantities of environmentally harmful and often toxic
by-products, including the oxides of nitrogen, of metal oxides and
carbon dioxide.Now, owing to recent advances made in the synthesis
of nanoporous solids, it is feasible to design new solid catalysts
that enable benign, mild oxidants to be used, frequently without
utilising solvents, to manufacture the products that the chemical,
pharmaceutical, agro- and bio-chemical industries require. These
new solid agents are designated single-site heterogeneous catalysts
(SSHCs). Their principal characteristics are that all the active
sites present in the high-area solids are identical in their atomic
environment and hence in their energy of interaction with
reactants, just as in enzymes.Single-site heterogeneous catalysts
now occupy a position of growing importance both academically and
in their potential for commercial exploitation. This text, the only
one devoted to such catalysts, dwells both on principles of design
and on applications, such as the benign synthesis of nylon 6 and
vitamin B3. It equips the reader with unifying insights required
for future catalytic adventures in the quest for sustainability in
the materials used by humankind.Anyone acquainted with the language
of molecules, including undergraduates in the physical and
biological sciences, as well as graduates in engineering and
materials science, should be able to assimilate the principles and
examples presented in this book. Inter alia, it describes how clean
technology and 'green' processes may be carried out in an
environmentally responsible manner.
For far too long chemists and industrialists have relied on the use
of aggressive reagents such as nitric and sulphuric acids,
permanganates and dichromates to prepare the massive quantities of
both bulk and fine chemicals that are needed for the maintenance of
civilised life - materials such as fuels, fabrics, foodstuffs,
fertilisers and pharmaceuticals. Such aggressive reagents generate
vast quantities of environmentally harmful and often toxic
by-products, including the oxides of nitrogen, of metal oxides and
carbon dioxide.Now, owing to recent advances made in the synthesis
of nanoporous solids, it is feasible to design new solid catalysts
that enable benign, mild oxidants to be used, frequently without
utilising solvents, to manufacture the products that the chemical,
pharmaceutical, agro- and bio-chemical industries require. These
new solid agents are designated single-site heterogeneous catalysts
(SSHCs). Their principal characteristics are that all the active
sites present in the high-area solids are identical in their atomic
environment and hence in their energy of interaction with
reactants, just as in enzymes.Single-site heterogeneous catalysts
now occupy a position of growing importance both academically and
in their potential for commercial exploitation. This text, the only
one devoted to such catalysts, dwells both on principles of design
and on applications, such as the benign synthesis of nylon 6 and
vitamin B3. It equips the reader with unifying insights required
for future catalytic adventures in the quest for sustainability in
the materials used by humankind.Anyone acquainted with the language
of molecules, including undergraduates in the physical and
biological sciences, as well as graduates in engineering and
materials science, should be able to assimilate the principles and
examples presented in this book. Inter alia, it describes how clean
technology and 'green' processes may be carried out in an
environmentally responsible manner.
The modern electron microscope, as a result of recent revolutionary
developments and many evolutionary ones, now yields a wealth of
quantitative knowledge pertaining to structure, dynamics, and
function barely matched by any other single scientific instrument.
It is also poised to contribute much new spatially-resolved and
time-resolved insights of central importance in the exploration of
most aspects of condensed matter, ranging from the physical to the
biological sciences.Whereas in all conventional EM methods,
imaging, diffraction, and chemical analyses have been conducted in
a static - time-integrated - manner, now it has become possible to
unite the time domain with the spatial one, thereby creating
four-dimensional (4D) electron microscopy. This advance is based on
the fundamental concept of timed, coherent single-electron packets,
or electron pulses, which are liberated with femtosecond durations.
Structural phase transitions, mechanical deformations, and the
embryonic stages of melting and crystallization are examples of
phenomena that can now be imaged in unprecedented structural detail
with high spatial resolution, and ten orders of magnitude as fast
as hitherto.No monograph in existence attempts to cover the
revolutionary dimensions that EM in its various modes of operation
nowadays makes possible. The authors of this book chart these
developments, and also compare the merits of coherent electron
waves with those of synchrotron radiation. They judge it prudent to
recall some important basic procedural and theoretical aspects of
imaging and diffraction so that the reader may better comprehend
the significance of the new vistas and applications now afoot.This
book is not a vade mecum - numerous other texts are available for
the practitioner for that purpose. It is instead an in-depth expose
of the paradigm concepts and the developed techniques that can now
be executed to gain new knowledge in the entire domain of
biological and physical science, and in the four dimensions of
space and time.
The modern electron microscope, as a result of recent revolutionary
developments and many evolutionary ones, now yields a wealth of
quantitative knowledge pertaining to structure, dynamics, and
function barely matched by any other single scientific instrument.
It is also poised to contribute much new spatially-resolved and
time-resolved insights of central importance in the exploration of
most aspects of condensed matter, ranging from the physical to the
biological sciences.Whereas in all conventional EM methods,
imaging, diffraction, and chemical analyses have been conducted in
a static - time-integrated - manner, now it has become possible to
unite the time domain with the spatial one, thereby creating
four-dimensional (4D) electron microscopy. This advance is based on
the fundamental concept of timed, coherent single-electron packets,
or electron pulses, which are liberated with femtosecond durations.
Structural phase transitions, mechanical deformations, and the
embryonic stages of melting and crystallization are examples of
phenomena that can now be imaged in unprecedented structural detail
with high spatial resolution, and ten orders of magnitude as fast
as hitherto.No monograph in existence attempts to cover the
revolutionary dimensions that EM in its various modes of operation
nowadays makes possible. The authors of this book chart these
developments, and also compare the merits of coherent electron
waves with those of synchrotron radiation. They judge it prudent to
recall some important basic procedural and theoretical aspects of
imaging and diffraction so that the reader may better comprehend
the significance of the new vistas and applications now afoot.This
book is not a vade mecum - numerous other texts are available for
the practitioner for that purpose. It is instead an in-depth expose
of the paradigm concepts and the developed techniques that can now
be executed to gain new knowledge in the entire domain of
biological and physical science, and in the four dimensions of
space and time.
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