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"Advances in Group Processes" publishes theoretical analyses,
reviews and theory based empirical chapters on group phenomena.
Volume 20, the second volume of a five-series set, includes papers
that address fundamental issues of power and status. Chapter one
integrates social influence network theory with core ideas from
affect control theory and the expectation states programme. The
second chapter compares reciprocal exchange to negotiated exchange
in terms of the power development, trust and perceptions of
fairness. Chapter three examines the entire population of unique
exchange networks up to size nine, giving predictions using power
dependence theory and the resistance branch of network exchange
theory. As a set, these chapters address major issues of power in
social exchange relations. The next four chapters are aimed at
important issues of status in groups. Chapter four theorizes the
complex connection between power and status, showing that power can
produce status only if negative emotional reactions are mitigated.
This analysis sheds new light on theories of collective action.
Chapter five extends reward expectations theory by offering a new
model of allocative behaviour, and comparing that model to
previously collected data. The sixth chapter extends status
construction theory to incorporate the effect of social
identification. This new formulation is then tested and supported
with data from thirty five dot-com organizations. The final two
chapters incorporate theories of legitimacy to provide insights
into power and status. Chapter eight reviews and explicates the
basic principles of legitimacy in the Zelditch and Walker research
programme. This paper traces the successes and failures of two
dozen studies across several decades. Finally, chapter nine uses
legitimacy theory to resolve two anomalies in the status
literature, one dealing with gender saliency and the other with the
enactment of identity- versus status-related behaviours. Overall,
the volume includes papers that reflect a wide range of theoretical
approaches to power and status and contributions by major scholars
that work in the general area of group processes.
"Advances in Group Processes" publishes theoretical, review, and
empirically-based papers on group phenomena. The series adopts a
broad conception of 'group processes' consistent with prevailing
ones in the social psychological literature. In addition to topics
such as status processes, group structure, and decision making, the
series considers work on interpersonal behaviour in dyads (i.e. the
smallest group). Contributors to the series include not only
sociologists but also scholars from other disciplines, such as
psychology and organizational behaviour.
This book challenges much that has been written about the decline
of sociology as a vital, essential area of inquiry into the human
condition. Against this Greek chorus of woe, these papers show by
example that sociology can make progress, select significant
problems, and cumulate an integrated and coherent set of findings
and theoretical understandings.
Although the twenty papers in the book engage a wide variety of
issues, they are united by their adherence to one of the most
active and successful traditions in sociology, the group process
tradition. Group process research programs can examine tractable
problems posed by social psychological phenomena for which
sociology has the best methods of study; they have the potential
for a hardware-based, technological research front that discovers
new phenomena; and they come closest of all approaches in
sociological research to using cognitive criteria in the choice of
problems and to studying immutable phenomena. The overall aim of
the book is to provide models for researchers struggling to
develop, construct, and integrate coherent sociological theory and
knowledge.
The papers are grouped around three themes: (1) the problem of
theory construction in sociology, including what is meant by
"theory" and the methods of testing it, particularly empirical
testing; (2) the extension and elaboration of existing theories of
group processes, notably in the study of status, sentiment, and the
comparison process; and (3) the theoretical issues at the
intersection of social structures, the pattern of connection in
social networks, and the process of rational choice.
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