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Since the success in chemical induction of cancer in rabbit's ear
skin by K. Yamagiwa in 1915, oncologists of the world have come to
believe that they can only solve their problems by means of animal
experimen tation. The importance of environmental factors became
moreevident in 1935 when T. Yoshida and T. Sasaki introduced azodye
hepatocarcino genesis in rats. In the domain of the
gastrointestinal tract, T. Sugimura has more recently accumulated
enough evidence to indicate that locally active chemical mutagens
are carcinogenic. In contrast, principal approaches to colorectal
tumors have been quite different: emphasis has been placed on gene
identification. Long before cancer of the large bowel was
recognized, importance of the roles of adenomatosis coli and its
familial occurrence attracted the attention of epidemiologists and
geneticists. Morphological characteri zation and analysis of
hereditary trends of human material have already bad a long
history, and recently detailed analysis of genetic material has
become feasible in the wake of rapid development in our knowledge
of the oncoviruses, oncogenes, suppressor genes, chromosomal and
DNA mapping, molecular mutation and so on. lt is true that in
colorectal pathology, and in no other field, these areas of
research have been explored more extensively and decisively. The
identification of previ ously ill-defined lesions such as
precancers and benign neoplasms have been improved because
sequential changes can be observed in multiple samples spread over
a wide area and followed up in due course.
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