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Drawing on a wealth of sources from different disciplines, the
essays here provide a nuanced picture of how medieval and early
modern societies viewed murder and dealt with murderers. Murder -
the perpetrators, victims, methods and motives - has been the
subject of law, literature, chronicles and religion, often crossing
genres and disciplines and employing multiple modes of expression
and interpretation. As the chapters in this volume demonstrate,
definitions of murder, manslaughter and justified or unjustified
homicide depend largely on the legal terminology and the laws of
the society. Much like modern nations, medieval societies treated
murder and murderers differently based on their social standing,
the social standing of the victim, their gender, their mental
capacity for understanding their crime, and intent, motive and
means. The three parts of this volume explore different aspects of
this crime in the Middle Ages. The first provides the legal
template for reading cases of murder in a variety of sources. The
second examines the public hermeneutics of murder, especially
theways in which medieval societies interpreted and contextualised
their textual traditions: Icelandic sagas, Old French fabliaux,
Arthuriana and accounts of assassination. Finally, the third part
focuses on the effects of murder within the community: murder as a
social ill, especially in killing kin.
Drawing on a wealth of sources from different disciplines, the
essays here provide a nuanced picture of how medieval and early
modern societies viewed murder and dealt with murderers. Murder -
the perpetrators, victims, methods and motives - has been the
subject of law, literature, chronicles and religion, often crossing
genres and disciplines and employing multiple modes of expression
and interpretation. As the chapters in this volume demonstrate,
definitions of murder, manslaughter and justified or unjustified
homicide depend largely on the legal terminology and the laws of
the society. Much like modern nations, medieval societies treated
murder and murderers differently based on their social standing,
the social standing of the victim, their gender, their mental
capacity for understanding their crime, and intent, motive and
means. The three parts of this volume explore different aspects of
this crime in the Middle Ages. The first provides the legal
template for reading cases of murder in a variety of sources. The
second examines the public hermeneutics of murder, especially
theways in which medieval societies interpreted and contextualised
their textual traditions: Icelandic sagas, Old French fabliaux,
Arthuriana and accounts of assassination. Finally, the third part
focuses on the effects of murder within the community: murder as a
social ill, especially in killing kin. LARISSA TRACY is Professor
of Medieval Literature at Longwood University. Contributors: Dianne
Berg, G. Koolemans Beynen, Dwayne C. Coleman, Jeffrey Doolittle,
Carmel Ferragud, Jay Paul Gates, Thomas Gobbitt, Emily J.
Hutchison, Jolanta N. Komornicka, Anne Latowsky, Matthew Lubin,
Andrew McKenzie-McHarg, Ben Parsons, Ilse Schweitzer VanDonkelaar,
Hannah Skoda, Bridgette Slavin, Larissa Tracy, Patricia Turning,
Lucas Wood
The Charlemagne chansons de geste were not written for the
fourteenth-century aristocracy, nor especially for an English
audience. Translated from the Old French with varying degrees of
accuracy, they came to England as the Matter of Charlemagne
romances, with the aristocracy as their intended audience. The
ability of the aristocracy to read their concerns into the texts
and onto the Saracens who populated them increased the romances'
popularity and ensured their circulation, for a time. Singularly,
the English aristocracy chose Charlemagne for a hero-king. Perhaps
this came as a reaction to Edward III's, or even Edward I's,
Arthurian enthusiasm. Whatever the cause, for a century the Middle
English Charlemagne romances provided a forum for airing
aristocratic concerns.
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