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This volume introduces the major classical Arabic philosophers through substantial selections from the key works (many of which appear in translation for the first time here) in each of the fields--including logic, philosophy of science, natural philosophy, metaphysics, ethics, and politics--to which they made significant contributions. An extensive Introduction situating the works within their historical, cultural, and philosophical contexts offers support to students approaching the subject for the first time, as well as to instructors with little or no formal training in Arabic thought. A glossary, select bibliography, and index are also included.
"Avicenna's Physics" is the very first volume that he wrote when he began his monumental encyclopedia of science and philosophy, "The Healing". Avicenna's reasons for beginning with "Physics" are numerous: it offers up the principles needed to understand such special natural sciences as psychology; it sets up many of the problems that take center stage in his Metaphysics; and it provides concrete examples of many of the abstract analytical tools that he would develop later in "Logic". While "Avicenna's Physics" roughly follows the thought of "Aristotle's Physics", with its emphasis on natural causes, the nature of motion, and the conditions necessary for motion, the work is hardly derivative. It represents arguably the most brilliant mind of late antiquity grappling with and rethinking the entire tradition of natural philosophy inherited from the Greeks as well as the physical thought of Muslim speculative theologians. As such, "Physics" is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding Avicenna's complete philosophical system, the history of science, or the history of ideas.
This volume introduces the major classical Arabic philosophers through substantial selections from the key works (many of which appear in translation for the first time here) in each of the fields - including logic, philosophy of science, natural philosophy, metaphysics, ethics, and politics - to which they made significant contributions. An extensive introduction situating the works within their historical, cultural, and philosophical contexts offers support to students approaching the subject for the first time, as well as to instructors with little or no formal training in Arabic thought. A glossary, select bibliography, and index are also included.
Ibn Sina (980-1037), known as Avicenna in Latin, played a
considerable role in the development of both Eastern and Western
philosophy and science. His contributions to the fields of logic,
natural science, psychology, metaphysics, theology, and even
medicine were vast. His work was to have a significant impact on
Thomas Aquinas, among others, who explicitly and frequently drew
upon the ideas of his Muslim predecessor. Avicenna also affected
the thinking of the great Islamic theologian al-Ghazali, who
asserted that if one could show the incoherence of Avicenna's
thought, then one would have demonstrated the incoherence of
philosophy in general. But Avicenna's influence is not confined to
the medieval period. His logic, natural philosophy, and metaphysics
are still taught in the Islamic world as living philosophy, and
many contemporary Catholic and evangelical Christian philosophers
continue to encounter his ideas through Aquinas's work. Using a
small handful of novel insights, Avicenna not only was able to
address a host of issues that had troubled earlier philosophers in
both the ancient Hellenistic and medieval Islamic worlds, but also
fundamentally changed the direction of philosophy, in the Islamic
East as well as in Jewish and Christian milieus.
Ibn Sina (980-1037), known as Avicenna in Latin, played a
considerable role in the development of both Eastern and Western
philosophy and science. His contributions to the fields of logic,
natural science, psychology, metaphysics, theology, and even
medicine were vast. His work was to have a significant impact on
Thomas Aquinas, among others, who explicitly and frequently drew
upon the ideas of his Muslim predecessor. Avicenna also affected
the thinking of the great Islamic theologian al-Ghazali, who
asserted that if one could show the incoherence of Avicenna's
thought, then one would have demonstrated the incoherence of
philosophy in general. But Avicenna's influence is not confined to
the medieval period. His logic, natural philosophy, and metaphysics
are still taught in the Islamic world as living philosophy, and
many contemporary Catholic and evangelical Christian philosophers
continue to encounter his ideas through Aquinas's work. Using a
small handful of novel insights, Avicenna not only was able to
address a host of issues that had troubled earlier philosophers in
both the ancient Hellenistic and medieval Islamic worlds, but also
fundamentally changed the direction of philosophy, in the Islamic
East as well as in Jewish and Christian milieus.
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