This book provides a concise guide to learning the art of refraction and its principles applicable to retinoscopy. It also provides a well-signposted pathway to success in the Royal College of Ophthalmologists' Refraction Certificate Examination.

In order to become a Consultant Ophthalmologist it is necessary to learn the skill of refraction and retinoscopy which requires a great deal of skill and practice. This full-colour, comprehensive revision guide has been specifically tailored for candidates of the mandatory Refraction Certificate Examination assessed by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists.

Internet gambling is a rapidly growing phenomenon, which has profound social, psychological, economic, political, and policy implications. Until recently, Internet gambling has been understudied by the research community, but now a growing body of literature is emerging, on all aspects of Internet gambling and its attendant implications.

As jurisdictions around the world grapple to understand the best way to respond to Internet gambling from a commercial, regulatory, and social perspective, scholarly studies of Internet gambling are becoming an ever more crucial resource. The Handbook of Internet Gambling consolidates this emerging body of literature into a single reference volume. Its twenty chapters comprise groundbreaking contributions from the world s leading authorities in the commercial, clinical, political and social aspects of Internet gambling.

It is sure to be a foundational resource for academics, students, regulators, politicians, policy makers, commercial providers, and health care professionals who have an interest in understanding the history, dynamics, and impacts of Internet gambling in a global context.

Key Features: 1. Concise explanations of the theory and application of refraction and retinoscopy techniques, with excellent guided illustrations throughout. 2. Provides a step-by-step framework for how best to prepare for the recently updated format of the Refraction Certificate.

Internet gambling is a rapidly growing phenomenon, which has profound social, psychological, economic, political, and policy implications. Until recently, Internet gambling has been understudied by the research community, but now a growing body of literature is emerging, on all aspects of Internet gambling and its attendant implications. As jurisdictions around the world grapple to understand the best way to respond to Internet gambling from a commercial, regulatory, and social perspective, scholarly studies of Internet gambling are becoming an ever more crucial resource. The Handbook of Internet Gambling consolidates this emerging body of literature into a single reference volume. Its twenty chapters comprise groundbreaking contributions from the world's leading authorities in the commercial, clinical, political and social aspects of Internet gambling. It is sure to be a foundational resource for academics, students, regulators, politicians, policy makers, commercial providers, and health care professionals who have an interest in understanding the history, dynamics, and impacts of Internet gambling in a global context.

Key Features: 1. Concise explanations of the theory and application of refraction and retinoscopy techniques, with excellent guided illustrations throughout. 2. Provides a step-by-step framework for how best to prepare for the recently updated format of the Refraction Certificate.

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Soziologie - Familie, Frauen, Manner, Sexualitat, Geschlechter, Staffordshire University, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Is masculinity a social construct? Is there a 'crisis of masculinity'? Do men's gender roles need to be revaluated? What is the importance in the roots and developments of masculinity in Western culture? Is masculinity the key cause for domestic violence amongst the working class? This paper looks at the current debates surrounding masculinities importance to domestic violence within the working class system. It examines masculinity historically in terms of its developments and explores the debate surrounding the 'crisis of masculinity' and the importance of work to men As well as discussing masculinity as a social construct and the cultural norms placed upon genders. This dissertation finally concludes that men's new gender roles need to be solidified and given purpose within societies changing structures; this should be implemented with the purpose of removing masculinity as a key proponent for domestic violence amongst the working classes.