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'In war, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.
Thus it may be known that the leader of armies is the arbiter of
the people's fate, the man on whom it depends whether the nation
shall be in peace or peril...' ("Sun Tzu The Art of War"). We speak
of Caesar who conquered Gaul, not the legions; MacArthur who landed
at Inchon, not the Marines - and we speak of Napoleon, one of
history's most successful generals. Major General Jonathon Riley is
supremely well qualified to write on Napoleon's generalship and has
written an informed and insightful account. He opens with a short
treatise on generalship in order to define Napoleon's achievement
before moving on to the man himself. He examines Napoleon as a
strategist; as a coalition commander; Napoleon's campaigns and
Napoleon on the battlefield. Areas often ignored in the context of
pre-industrial warfare - logistics and counter-insurgency - are
also examined. Riley proceeds to three specific case studies
beginning with Napoleon's first essay in generalship and the
conquest of Piedmont; Napoleon at the height of his powers at the
conquest of Prussia, to Napoleon's final defeats and the Battle of
the Nations in 1813.
When Charles II returned home he began the search for a dynastic
marriage. He fixed upon the Infanta of Portugal, Catherine of
Braganza, whose dowry included the possession of Tangier, Bombay
and valuable trade concessions. The Portuguese had been fighting
for their independence from Spain for twenty years and needed
alliances to tip the scales in their favour. In return for the
concessions Charles agreed to send to Portugal a regiment of horse
and two of foot, which provided an excuse to ship away the remnants
of the Cromwellian armies that had not been disbanded at the
Restoration. The prospect of service was at first well received -
"Major-General Morgan drew forth his regiment of foot consisting of
1000 proper men besides officers, and made a short speech,
acquainting them that his Majesty had been graciously pleased to
design them for honourable service abroad. . . Whereupon they all
with great acclamations of joy, cried out ' All, all, all. . ."
There were also officers and men who had remained loyal to the
crown to them Charles owed a debt of employment, Former Royalists
therefore made up the balance of the regiment of horse -
uncomfortable bedfellows for their former enemies. The English and
French regiments fought with courage and discipline at the series
of major battles and sieges that followed, most of which have never
been properly described. This is, therefore, the re-discovery of a
lost episode in our military history. It was the English and French
soldiers, under Schomberg's leadership, who proved the decisive
factor in winning back Portugal's independence. But in return for
their courage in battle, the English soldiers were rewarded with
insults and want of pay. At the conclusion of peace in 1667, only
1,000 out of the 3,500 men who made up the force were left
standing. 400 of these received what was effectively a death
sentence: they were shipped to Tangier to join the fight against
the Moors. The remainder returned to seek service in England or
abroad - but places were hard to find. One veteran of the horse
summed up the feelings of many - ". . . there was never a more
gallant party went out of England upon any design whatever, than
were that regiment of horse. . . they came into the country full of
money and gallantry, and those which survived left it as full of
poverty and necessity."
Volumes III and IV of RWF Regimental Records end rather abruptly on
11 November 1918. The first part of RR Volume V describes the later
history of the war-raised units of the Regiment during the Great
War and the reduction of the Regiment thereafter. It then details
the campaigns and stations of the Regiment from 1919 to 1939
including service in Ireland, India, the North-West Frontier,
Cyprus, Sudan, Shanghai, Gibraltar and Hong Kong. The Territorial
Army is also covered as is the Regiment's role as an experimental
mechanised unit in the 1930s. The last section of Part One then
tells the story of three of the Regiment's units - the 1st
Battalion, 101st Anti-Aircraft and Anti-Tank Regiment, and No 2
Independent Company, on active service from 1939 to May 1940.
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