Traditional Korean society was characterized by a rigid hierarchy. The minority Paekjong were the lowest group of the lowest rank of the shinbun class system, and were treated as outcasts throughout the Choson period (1392-1910). This book deals with their historical and social background, and their struggle for human rights and equality in colonial Korea through the activities of the Hyongpyongsa (Association for an Equitable Society), active from c.1923 to 1935. The Hyongpyongsa was the longest-lasting social movement during the colonial period, and its activities provoked confrontations with fellow Koreans as well as with the Japanese colonial powers. Through analysis of the social environment as well as their actions, this study reveals the complexity of early twentieth century Korea's drive towards modernization.

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Traditional Korean society was characterized by a rigid hierarchy. The minority Paekjong were the lowest group of the lowest rank of the shinbun class system, and were treated as outcasts throughout the Choson period (1392-1910). This book deals with their historical and social background, and their struggle for human rights and equality in colonial Korea through the activities of the Hyongpyongsa (Association for an Equitable Society), active from c.1923 to 1935. The Hyongpyongsa was the longest-lasting social movement during the colonial period, and its activities provoked confrontations with fellow Koreans as well as with the Japanese colonial powers. Through analysis of the social environment as well as their actions, this study reveals the complexity of early twentieth century Korea's drive towards modernization.

The twelve chapters in this volume seek to overcome the nationalist paradigm of Japanese repression and exploitation versus Korean resistance that has dominated the study of Korea's colonial period (1910-1945) by adopting a more inclusive, pluralistic approach that stresses the complex relations among colonialism, modernity, and nationalism. By addressing such diverse subjects as the colonial legal system, radio, telecommunications, the rural economy, and industrialization and the formation of industrial labor, one group of essays analyzes how various aspects of modernity emerged in the colonial context and how they were mobilized by the Japanese for colonial domination, with often unexpected results. A second group examines the development of various forms of identity from nation to gender to class, particularly how aspects of colonial modernity facilitated their formation through negotiation, contestation, and redefinition.