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Building on the recent initiative to truly globalize the field of
international relations, this book provides an innovative
interrogation of regionalism. The book applies a globalizing
framework to the study of regional worlds in order to move beyond
the traditional conception of regionalism, which views regions as
competing blocs dominated by great powers. Bringing together a wide
range of case studies, the book shows that regions are instead
dynamic configurations of social and political identities in which
a variety of actors, including the less powerful, interact and
partake in regionalization processes and have done so through the
centuries.
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Intelligence and Security Informatics - Pacific Asia Workshop, PAISI 2007, Chengdu, China, April 11-12, 2007, Proceedings (Paperback, 2007 ed.)
Christopher C. Yang, Daniel Zeng, Michael Chau, Kuiyu Chang, Qing Yang, …
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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Pacific
Asia Workshop on Intelligence and Security Informatics, PAISI 2007,
held in Chengdu, China in April 2007. Coverage includes crime
analysis, emergency response and surveillance, intrusion detection,
network security, data and text mining, cybercrime and information
access and security, intrusion detection, network security,
terrorism informatics and crime analysis.
This book introduces current perspectives on Rasch measurement
theory with an emphasis on developing Rasch-based scales. Rasch
measurement theory represents a paradigm shift in measurement
theory away from classical test theory and creates a framework for
scaling that can yield invariant measurement. Rasch Models for
Solving Measurement Problems: Invariant Measurement in the Social
Sciences is a broadly accessible text. Authors George Engelhard Jr
and Jue Wang introduce Rasch measurement theory step by step, with
chapters on scale construction, evaluation, maintenance, and use.
Points are illustrated and techniques are demonstrated through an
extended example: The Food Insecurity Experience (FIE) Scale. The
Rasch analyses in the book are run using the Facets computer
program. Facets syntax, and R code for the ERMA program created by
the authors to obtain parameter estimates and to examine model-data
fit, together with sample data sets are all available on a website
for the book.
To thrive, every living cell must continuously gauge and respond to
changes in its environment. These changes are ultimately
implemented by modulating gene expression, a process that relies on
transcription by Nature's most multivalent molecular machine, the
RNA polymerase. This book covers progress made over the past decade
understanding how this machine functions to compute the cellular
state, from the atomistic structural level responsible for
chemistry to the integrative level at which RNA polymerase
interacts with the other key molecular machineries of the cell.
Separating foreground objects from natural images and video plays
an important role in image and video editing tasks. Despite
extensive study in the last two decades, this problem still remains
challenging. In particular, extracting a foreground object in a
static image involves determining both full and partial pixel
coverage, also known as extracting a matte, which is a severely
under-constrained problem. Segmenting spatio-temporal video objects
from a video sequence is even harder since extracted foregrounds on
adjacent frames must be both spatially and temporally coherent.
Previous approaches usually require a large amount of user input
and still suffer from inaccurate results and low computational
efficiency. This book demonstrates efficient and accurate
foreground extraction methods and systems by combining advanced
computational algorithms with novel user interfaces. Our systems
are capable of extracting high quality foreground objects from
images and video with a limited amount of user input such as a few
paint strokes of the mouse. We also demonstrate a variety of
applications with the extracted foreground objects.
Data Mining is a tool that extracts useful and novel patterns from
great amounts of data. It usually involves 4 tasks: Classification,
Clustering, Association Rule Learning, and Regression. Two major
branches of research are addressed in this book. In the first
chapter several Classification methods are applied on a real-world
data set, the Mars crater data set. The goal of this case study is
to improve the accuracy of the crater detection on the remote
sensing images of Mars. In the second chapter Sammon's Mapping
method is studied and improved. Sammon's Mapping is a projection
method which simulates the high-dimension space to a low- dimension
one. The motivation of this project is to visualize the internal
struture of a data set and facilitate the clustering operation on
the data set. After the low-dimension Sammon's Mapped space has
been created the number of clusters can be observed. An external
measurement of the Clustering result is also implemented in the
project. This measurement objectively shows the accuracy of
Clustering. With all the steps to implement the Sammon's Mapping, a
pipeline is established.
The role of universities in supporting economic development has
been explored in studies emphasizing the mechanisms of technology
transfer and knowledge spillover. However, in addition to
intellectual capital, university scientists bring other resources
into research collaboration and contribute to firm partnerships in
both direct and indirect ways. This book develops the concept of
resource spillover, which captures the various ways in which firms
can benefit from collaborations with university scientists. The
study categorizes the resources possessed by university scientists
into intellectual capital, social capital, and positional capital,
and tests the impact of each on the performance of firms. Using a
sample of new nanotechnology-based firms in the United States, the
study finds that firms benefit from research collaboration in terms
of both increased research capability and research output and
improved public relations and research credibility. The work
contributes to the university-industry technology transfer
literature and is useful to managers and policy scientists who are
developing research partnership programs or intermediary
organizations.
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